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非谓语动词的定义是什么意思
非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词),即动词的非谓语形式。下面是百分网小编给大家整理的非谓语动词的定义简介,希望能帮到大家!
非谓语动词的定义
在句子中充当除谓语以外的各种句子成分的动词形式,叫做非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs)。非谓语动词也是动词的一种,他们有着动词的其他特点,可以充当主语、宾语、状语等。非谓语动词与谓语动词是相对的概念。
非谓语动词与谓语动词
相同点
如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用,例如:
They built a garden.
They suggested building a garden.
都可以被状语修饰:
The suit fits him very well.
The suit used to fit him very well.
都有主动与被动,“体”式(一般式;进行式;完成式)的变化。例如:
He was punished by his parents.(谓语动词被动语态)
He avoided being punished by his parents.(动名词的被动式)
We have written the composition.(谓语动词的完成时)
Having written the composition,we handed it in.(现在分词的完成式)
都可以有逻辑主语
They started the work at once.(谓语动词的逻辑主语)
The boss ordered them to start the work.(动词不定式的逻辑主语)
We are League members.(谓语动词的主语)
We being League member,the work was well done. (现在分词的逻辑主语)
否定式一般用not,并且放在非谓语动词之前
不同点
非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
非谓语动词形式功能
动词不定式
动词不定式:(to)+ do,具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
否定式:not + (to) do
以do为例,动词不定式的构成如下:
1.一般式:不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后.
例如:
It's nice to meet you.很高兴见到你。
He seems to know a lot. 他看起来懂得很多。
We plan to pay a visit. 我们计划去参观。
He wants to be an artist. 他想成为一个艺术家。
The patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。
The teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。
2.进行式:不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生,例如:
The boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。
He seems to be reading in his room. 看起来他正在他的房间里面读书。
3.完成式:不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前,例如:
I regretted having told a lie. 我后悔我说谎了。
I happened to have seen the film. 我偶然看过这部电影。
He is pleased to have met his friend. 他很高兴能遇上他的朋友。
不定式的句*能:
(1)作主语:
高考非谓语动词专练
动词是词类之一,一般用来表示动作或状态的`词语。在英语中,动词按作用和功能主要分为两大类,一类是谓语动词,另一类是非谓语动词。下面是小编给大家带来的高考非谓语动词专练,希望能帮到大家!
高考非谓语动词专练
1. She didnt remember him before.
A. having met B. have met C. to meet D. to having met
2. Turn down the radio, the babys asleep in the next room.
A. Turning B. To turn C. Turned D. Turn
3. ____ is believing.
A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. To be seen
4. Im hungry. Get me something ____.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. for eating
5. ____, I went to the railway station to see my friend off.
A. After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinner
C. After eating my dinner quickly D. After eating my quickly dinner
6. I cant imagine ____ that with them.
A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing
7. Were looking forward ____ the photo exhibition.
A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting
8. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person ____.
A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
9. I heard the terrible sound of ____ last night.
A. the doors shutting B. the door being shutting
C. the doors being shut D. the door being shut
10. It was so cold that they kept the fire ____ all night.
A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned
11. The poor boy couldnt ____ eating the things left on the table.
A. insist B. resist C. pretend D. think
12. Does ____ mean nothing to him?
A. our saying that B. for us to say that
C. we way that D. of us to say that
13. I regret ____ that wonderful exhibition last week.
A. not to see B. having not seen C. to not see D. not having seen
14. ____ will soon be completed.
A. The building of the house B. The building house
C. A building house D. Building a house
15. He received a letter the day before yesterday ____ him to go back to his home as soon as possible.
A. asking B. to ask C. asked D. having asked
16. ____ from his appearance, he is very strong.
A. Judging B. Being judged C. To judge D. Judge
17. ____ that he ill, his work should be done by others.
A. Considered B. To consider C. Considering D. Consider
18. I looked forward ____ what was happening in the crowd.
A. to seeing B. saw C. to see D. meeting
19. The sports meeting seems like a ____.
A. long time to wait B. long time for waiting
C. time of long wait D. long waiting time
20. He was disappointed to find his suggestion ____ .
A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down
21. — Mum, I think Im ____ to get back to school.
— Not really, my dear. Youd better stay at home for another day or two.
A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough
非谓语从句专项训练
英语中的非谓语动词是整个英语语法当中非常重要的部分,也是学生学*的一个难点。以下是小编整理的非谓语从句的几个用法的*题,希望对大家有所帮助
*题
A.作时间状语:
eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.
②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were dee* impressed by the city’s new look.
While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.
③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.
=_____________, he went home.
B.作原因状语:
Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.
=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.
________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder.
_______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.
________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away.
_____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.
②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.
_________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.
=_____________.
C.方式/伴随状语;
Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).
②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.
D.作条件状语:
Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.
=______________ , I would have done the job far better.
②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.
E.作结果状语:(意料中的结果)
Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.
②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.
区别: 不定式表示意外的结果
eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.
F.作让步状语:
Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.
= _____________, it cleared up very soon.
②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
分词作状语时, 需注意事项:
A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ :
____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.
___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city.
巩固性练*
1. Though ____ of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
A. warning B. to warn C. warn D. warned
2. ____ from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.
A. Considering B. Considered C. Being considered D. Consider
3. ____ and ____, they ran out of the room.
A. Being excited; happily B. Exciting; happy
C. Exciting; happily D. Excited; happy
4. ____ deep down in the earth, the dead forests rotted away and became coal.
A. Buried B. Burying
C. To bury D. Being buried
1.你不可能同时拥有春花和秋月,不可能同时拥有硕果和繁花。你要学会权衡利弊,学会放弃一些什么,然后才可能得到些什么。你要学会接受命运的残缺和悲哀,然后,心*气和。因为,这就是人生。
2.生活总是这样,不能叫人处处都满意。但我们还要热情地活下去。人活一生,值得爱的东西很多,不要因为一个不满意,就灰心。
3.有一天你会发现,删掉的人可能曾经有过几百页的聊天记录,街上碰见了也不打招呼的人可能曾经也整天腻在一起,背后把你骂得像狗一样的人可能曾经是你最好的朋友。身边人总不断更替,一段关系有时候断得悄声无息,其实人都差不多,新鲜感和热情消失得很快,有人离开也会有人来。有些人,你们已经见过这辈子最后一面了。
4.看清了很多人,却不能随意拆穿;讨厌着很多人,却又不能轻易翻脸。有时候,生活就是要逼自己变得逆来顺受,宠辱不惊。
5.岁之前要极尽疯狂,看一场超赞的演唱会,有一场说走就走的旅行,有一个随时可以甩脸给他的异性死党,在影院里大哭,通一个high到爆的宵,酩酊大醉一次,谈一场疯狂却无果的恋爱,岁之后要岁月静好,敬养父母,烹调打扫,工作读书,结婚育子,收起棱角,藏起疯癫,安稳生活。
6.任何时候都不刻意解释自己,哪怕是个误会。你自己明白就行了,没有必要让无所谓的人理解自己。
7.就算终有一散,也别辜负相遇。好好相遇,好好告别。佛说,生命中的许多东西是可遇不可求,刻意强求的得不到,而不曾被期待的往往会不期而至。因此,要拥有一颗安闲自在的心,一切随缘,顺其自然。
8.人生没有永远的伤痛,再深的痛,伤口总会痊愈。人生没有彩排,好好珍惜现在,把握生命中的一分一秒。
9.时间真好,验证了人心,见证了人性,懂得了真的,明白了假的,没有解不开的难题,只有解不开的心绪。没有过不去的经历,只有走不出的自己。一开始你总是担心会失去谁,可你却忘了问,又有谁会害怕失去你?人生,努力了珍惜了问心无愧,如此,甚好。
10.金无足赤,人无完人。做人要真诚谦和,善待别人,温暖自己。人,是活给自己看的。别奢望人人都懂你,别要求事事都如意。苦累中,懂得安慰自己。没人心疼,也要坚强;没人鼓掌,也要飞翔;没人欣赏,也要芬芳。
11.抢着结账的人,不是因为钱太多,而是把友情看的比金钱重要。合作时愿意让利的人,不是因为笨,而是知道分享。工作时愿意主动多干的人,不是因为傻,而是懂得责任。吵架后先道歉的人,不是因为错,而是懂得珍惜。愿意帮你的人,不是欠你什么,而是把你当真朋友。
12.一简单就快乐,但快乐的人寥寥无几。把该放下的放下,让心轻松。走得最急的,都是最美的风景;今天再大的事,到了明天就是小事;今年再大的事,到了明年就是故事;今生再大的事,到了来世就是传说。人生如行路,一路艰辛,一路风景。你的目光所及,那个也就是你的人生境界。
13.有时候真的觉得你傻,学不会争功劳,学不会说漂亮话,学不会借着别人往上爬,学不会一切在这个世界上可以活得更好的生存技能。不是不聪明,却学不会卖弄聪明。不是不努力,却学不会显摆努力。但是,你也许不够成功,不够招人喜欢,不够扬眉吐气,至少,你够真实。
14.一个真正智慧的人,小事糊涂而大事睿智,为人低调而洞若观火。做人如水,以柔克刚。只有那些以不争为争的人,才能笑到最后,成为真正的赢家。低调者更容易成事,无论自己有多大的能耐,万不可锋芒毕露。学会低调,懂得藏拙,大智若愚,韬光养晦,才可能赢得人生。
15.你如果信任一个人,难免被这个所伤害,这就是信任所交的赋税。要想不受伤害很简单,不要去相信任何人。
公文写作时如何使用称谓语
公文写作中的“我”“你”“他”确实是一个不可轻视的问题,用好了,通篇清爽,用不好,句句累赘。“称谓”如何用得“名正”,让其“言顺”?一起来看看公文的称谓用语吧!
公文分三种:上行文、*行文、下行文。称谓也有三类:第一人称、第二人称和第三人称,也就是通俗的我、你、他。如何在上、中、下行文中用好我、你、他?(说明一下,这里所指的“他”专指发文方或收文方机关名称,特此说明)。
一般来说,在发文时用第一人称表述,表述者置身事内,显得真实、亲切、富有人情味;用第三人称表述,表述者置身事外,显得客观、冷穆。用本机关名称作自称,形成第三人称表述,切合下行文或庄重严肃,或严谨缜密,或威严果断的语体规范。
一、关于下行文的称谓用语
发文方:一般用发文机关名称(即第三人称,如:**乡*);不用带第一人称代词的称谓,如“我(们)”、“我(本)省”、“我(本)市”、“我(本)部”、“我(本)局”等,显其庄严肃穆。
收文方:1.称谓一般用“你(们)”、“你部”、“你省”、“你市”、“你县”等,而不用受文机关名称,有叮咛嘱咐、严而可亲之感。
二、关于上行文的称谓用语
发文方:一般用带第一人称代词的称谓,如“我(们)”、“我(本)省”、“我(本)市”、“我(本)部”、“我(本)局”等。不用发文机关名称,有真实、恳切之感;
收文方:称谓用“上级、领导”或受文机关名称。不用“你(们)”、“你部”、“你省”、“你市”、“你县”等,有尊重、避讳之意。若用“你(们)”、“你部”、“你省”、“你市”、“你县”等,则有吩咐、指点、督促之嫌。
三、关于*行文的称谓用语
发文方:一般用“我(们)”、“我省”、“我部”、“我局”等。 收文方:用“你(们)”、“你部”、“你省”、“你市”、“你县”等,显得亲切*易,不打官腔。
*行文的语体规范是亲切*易,相互尊重。以商洽的口气说话,不能因有求于人而屈膝卑躬,曲意奉承,也不能因人有求于我而趾高气扬。
公文
公务文书是法定机关与组织在公务活动中,按照特定的体式、经过一定的处理程序形成和使用的书面材料,又称公务文件。无论从事专业工作,还是从事行政事务,都要学会通过公文来传达政令政策、处理公务,以保证协调各种关系,决定事务使工作正确地、高效地进行。
常用公文格式
公文一般由份号、密级和保密期限、紧急程度、发文机关标志、发文字号、签发人、标题、主送机关、正文、附件说明、发文机关署名、成文日期、印章、附注、附件、抄送机关、印发机关和印发日期、页码等组成。[1]
(一)份号。公文印制份数的顺序号。涉密公文应当标注份号。
(二)密级和保密期限。公文的秘密等级和保密的.期限。涉密公文应当根据涉密程度分别标注“绝密”“机密”“秘密”和保密期限。
(三)紧急程度。公文送达和办理的时限要求。根据紧急程度,紧急公文应当分别标注“特急”“加急”,电报应当分别标注“特提”“特急”“加急”“*急”。
(四)发文机关标志。由发文机关全称或者规范化简称加“文件”二字组成,也可以使用发文机关全称或者规范化简称。联合行文时,发文机关标志可以并用联合发文机关名称,也可以单独用主办机关名称。
(五)发文字号。由发文机关代字、年份、发文顺序号组成。联合行文时,使用主办机关的发文字号。
(六)签发人。上行文应当标注签发人姓名。
(七)标题。由发文机关名称、事由和文种组成。
(八)主送机关。公文的主要受理机关,应当使用机关全称、规范化简称或者同类型机关统称。
(九)正文。公文的主体,用来表述公文的内容。
(十)附件说明。公文附件的顺序号和名称。
(十一)发文机关署名。署发文机关全称或者规范化简称。
(十二)成文日期。署会议通过或者发文机关负责人签发的日期。联合行文时,署最后签发机关负责人签发的日期。
(十三)印章。公文中有发文机关署名的,应当加盖发文机关印章,并与署名机关相符。有特定发文机关标志的普发性公文和电报可以不加盖印章。
(十四)附注。公文印发传达范围等需要说明的事项。
(十五)附件。公文正文的说明、补充或者参考资料。
(十六)抄送机关。除主送机关外需要执行或者知晓公文内容的其他机关,应当使用机关全称、规范化简称或者同类型机关统称。
(十七)印发机关和印发日期。公文的送印机关和送印日期。
(十八)页码。公文页数顺序号。
考研英语非谓语动词翻译练*及答案
考研英语开始报名了,大家也开始认真地备考,下面是yjbys网小编整理的考研英语非谓语动词翻译练*题及答案,供大家练*。
1.与过去相比,现在学校更加重视( lay emphases)对学生能力的培养,不是仅仅关心考试成绩。(more than)
Compared with the past, schools are laying more emphases on training students'abilities than being concerned about the success of exams.
2.知道了这孩子生病,父母马上送他到医院。( send)
Knowing that the child was ill, his parents sent him to hospital at once.
3.笑话没有代代相传的成语源源留长。( not as …as )
Jokes are as permanent/long-lasting as proverbs passed on from generation to generation.
4.考虑到他的实用价值,这本书值得一读。( worth)
Considering its practical value, the book is well worth reading.
5.在许多证据面前,那人不得不承认那是他第五次在夜里抢劫别人。( face)
Facing/faced with so much evidence the man had to admit that it was the fifth time that he had robbed people at night.
6.世界各国领导人在会上就如何反对*( terrorism)发表了各自的意见。( fight)
Leaders from different countries expressed different opinions on how to fight terrorism at the meeting.
7.实现这一目标的最好办法是尽量多团结人。( accomplish)
The best way to accomplish this goal is to unite as many people as possible.
8.我已安排好一辆车去车站接他们。( arrange)
I have arranged for a car to pick them up at the railway station.
9.*成为2008 年奥运会的主办国是当之无愧的。( deserve)
China fully deserves to be the host nation of the Olympic Games in 2008.
10.充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停的看书。( mean)
Making full use of time doesn't mean keeping reading book from morning till night
11.他喜欢嘲笑别人,结果发现自己被别人嘲笑。( find)
He enjoys laughing at others, only to find himself laughed at.
12.与他原来的期待相反,做这个工作需要经常乘飞机出国。 ( involve)
Contrary to what he expected, to undertake the job involves constantly going abroad by car.
13.勿容置疑,青少年过渡玩电子游戏机对他们的.身心极其有害。( harmful)
Undoubtedly/There is no doubt that/ the youngsters' playing video games too much is extremely harmful to their physical and mental development.
14.非常感谢你给我提供了这么好的练*口语的机会。(appreciate)
I appreciate it very much that you provide me with such a good opportunity to practice speaking English.( I appreciate your kindness in providing me….
15.为了解决一系列的社会问题,他们决定在*的支持下建立更多的养老院。( set up)
With the help of the government they decided to set up more nursing homes for the old in order to solve a series of social problems.
16.从观众的掌声判断,他的告别演出非常成功。 (judge)
Judging from the loud applauding from the audience, his farewell performance is very successful.
拓展阅读
一、有的固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词,充当宾语的成分,但其表达的意思不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如:I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、非谓语动词常考的其他结构
(1)疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who, what, which, when, where,和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。如:
When to start has not been decided.
何时动身尚未决定。(主语)
(2)不带to的不定式
A.在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有:feel觉得observe注意到,看到overhear听到watch注视notice注意listen to听see看见hear听perceive察觉,感知look at看
非谓语句子
非谓语句子翻译
没有谓语的句子
双谓语的句子
主语谓语的句子
主语加谓语的句子
双重谓语的句子
谓语性短语
句子中的主语谓语宾语
英语主语加谓语的句子
谓语的古诗
主语加谓语加宾语的句子
主谓短语充当谓语
指出下面句子的主语和谓语
非谓语动词短语
省略谓语的古诗
含有称谓语的古诗
非谓语从句例句摘抄
主谓英语句子
主谓的英语句子
主谓宾英语句子
主谓表英语句子
主谓宾的英语句子
冯唐无所谓语录
英语句子中的主谓宾
主谓宾状的英语句子
主谓宾宾补的英语句子
用主谓造20个英语句子
主谓宾英语句子30个
古诗中有他人的称谓语