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苏轼在南京写的诗词赏析
中华文化博大精深、源远流长，古诗词更是多不胜数。下面小编带来的是苏轼在南京写的诗词，希望对你有帮助。
苏轼，（1037年1月8日-1101年8月24日）字子瞻、和仲，号铁冠道人、东坡居士，世称苏东坡、苏仙，汉族，眉州眉山（四川省眉山市）人，祖籍河北栾城，北宋著名文学家、书法家、画家，历史治水名人。苏轼是北宋中期文坛领袖，在诗、词、散文、书、画等方面取得很高成就。文纵横恣肆；诗题材广阔，清新豪健，善用夸张比喻，独具风格，与黄庭坚并称“苏黄”；词开豪放一派，与辛弃疾同是豪放派代表，并称“苏辛”；散文著述宏富，豪放自如，与欧阳修并称“欧苏”，为“唐宋八大家”之一。苏轼善书，“宋四家”之一；擅长文人画，尤擅墨竹、怪石、枯木等。与韩愈、柳宗元和欧阳修合称“千古文章四大家”。作品有《东坡七集》《东坡易传》《东坡乐府》《潇湘竹石图卷》《古木怪石图卷》等。
渔家傲
宋代：苏轼
金陵赏心亭送王胜之龙图。王守金陵，视事一日移南郡。
千古龙蟠并虎踞。从公一吊兴亡处。渺渺斜风吹细雨。芳草渡。江南父老留公住。
公驾飞车凌彩雾。红鸾骖乘青鸾驭。却讶此洲名白鹭。非吾侣。翩然欲下还飞去。
译文
“钟山龙蟠，石头虎踞”，千古金陵引起人怀归的思绪。难得陪同你凭吊这历经沧桑的兴亡之地。斜风渺渺，细雨濛濛，弥散着一片别情离愁。难忘这芳草渡口，江南父老依依惜别，恳切地把你挽留。
且莫伤怀，在我的想象中，你驾着飞车穿越多彩的云霞，仙游似地以鸾鸟为陪乘者，一路凌风驭虚而来。却讶异这里的沙洲，居然名之为白鹭，并不是适宜的栖居地。于是翩翩然未曾歇翅，还是向别处飞去。
注释
⑴渔家傲：词牌名。又名”吴门柳“”忍辱仙人“”荆溪咏“”游仙关“。双调六十二字；前后阕相同，完全惟七言仄韵诗两绝合为一。其所不同者仅有第三句协韵，以及下添一个三字句而已。
⑵王胜之：即王（wan）益柔（1015—1086），字胜之，河南（今河南洛阳）人。
⑶”千古“句：是说金陵古城是许多帝王的都城。相传汉末刘备使诸葛亮至金陵，谓孙权曰：“秣陵地形，钟山龙蟠，石城虎踞，此帝王之宅。”蟠，或作“盘”。
⑷从：与、跟。古时有数代帝王在金陵建都，故作者有“兴亡处”之喻。
⑸“江南”句：因王（wan）益柔为官清廉，有声望，所以说“留公住”。
⑹鸾：传说中凤凰一类的鸟。骖（cān）：指在车两侧驾御。驭（yù）：指在车中驾御。因王（wan）益柔为龙图阁直学士，所以作者有此比喻。
⑺白鹭：即白鹭洲，在金陵城（今南京市）西门外，被秦淮河与长江围着。
赏析
此词开头概要地叙述了金陵的地理形势和历史变迁，是古代许多帝王看中的都城。接着着重描绘金陵百姓在蒙蒙细雨中送别王胜之的难舍难分之情。
过拍两句用游仙的比喻来称赞王胜之的品德高洁。最后以戏谑的语言、轻灵的笔意说明金陵算不得理想居地，其用意是宽慰王胜之。
在这首词中，词人送别酬唱的生活实景以及情感体验成为词作着力表现的主题。词人个体的生活体验进入词作表现的领域。与此同时，景物在词作中的比重大幅度下降，作用明显弱化。一方面，词中的景致不再是晏词中泛化、类型化的水乡风物，而是词人身之所历、眼之所见的现实的风景；另一方面，词中景与情之间的关系发生了根本性的扭转，景物不再是作品中的主导性部分，而是人物眼中之景、心中之景，带有鲜明的人物活动的印记和影响。
从苏轼开始的以词作抒写主体独特的生命历程以及情感体验的创作方向，为后世众多的词人继承和沿袭。随着创作的不断丰富，词作中也融入了更复杂、多元的情感内涵。其中最集中、最响亮的声音是对功名的否定和对沉溺于功名之中的生存方式的反思，如“功名薄似风前絮”“守定微官真个错”“世上功名翻覆手”“名利场中空扰扰”等，便属此类歌咏。其次，与薄宦功名相伴而来的是对羁旅之愁和思家之念的倾诉，以及亲友离别的悲伤，如“征尘万里伤怀抱”“故园凝望空流泪”“那堪送客江头路”“忆昔故人为侣伴，而今怎奈成疏间”等，便属这类情怀的抒发。此外，归隐之愿的表达亦屡屡见诸笔端，如“从今莫负云山约”“此身甘被烟霞锢”“林泉况味终须好” 等。
落尽繁华皆不是——苏轼起伏的一生
苏轼于景祐三年生于偏远川蜀的书香门第之中，其父亲苏洵便是《 三字经》里提到的“二十七，始发奋”的“ 苏老泉”。苏洵为他起名为“轼“，意为车前的扶手，取其默默无闻却扶危救困，不可或缺之意。这样的名字，或许正是昭示了苏轼不*凡的一生。
嘉佑元年，苏洵带着二十一岁的'苏轼，十九岁的其弟苏辙，自偏僻的西蜀地区，沿江东下，于嘉祐二年进京应试。当时的主考官是文坛领袖欧阳修，小试官是诗坛宿将梅尧臣。这两人正锐意诗文改革，苏轼那清新洒脱的文风，一下子击中了他们的心。
在欧阳修的一再称赞下，苏轼一时声名大噪。他每有新作，立刻就会传遍京师，家喻户晓。当父子名动京师、正要大展身手时，突然传来苏轼苏辙的母亲病故的噩耗。二兄弟随父回乡奔丧。嘉祐四年守丧期满回京，嘉祐六年，苏轼应中制科考试，授大理评事、签书凤翔府判官。
治*二年，苏洵病逝，苏轼、苏辙兄弟扶柩还乡，守孝三年。三年之后，苏轼还朝，震动朝野的王安石变法开始了。苏轼的许多师友，包括当初赏识他的恩师欧阳修在内，因反对新法与新任宰相王安石政见不合，被迫离京。朝野旧雨凋零，苏轼眼中所见，已不是他二十岁时所见的“*和世界”。就这样，未等苏轼在朝野完全伸展他的抱负，展露他的拳脚时，他已经被逼退到了政局的角落。
之后的苏轼仍倔强上书，向皇上提出新法的弊病，惹怒了王安石，于是苏轼自请离京，离开了他年少时期心心念念大展身手的政治朝野。
元丰二年，四十三岁的苏轼调任湖州知州。上任后，他即给皇上写了一封《湖州谢表》，其间个别句子被*们过分解读，又从苏轼的大量诗作中挑出他们认为隐含讥讽之意的句子，一时间，朝廷内一片倒苏之声。这年七月二十八日，苏轼上任才三个月，就被御史台的吏卒逮捕，解往京师，受牵连者达数十人。这就是北宋著名的“ 乌台诗案”。
乌台诗案这一巨大打击成为苏轼一生的转折点。*们非要置苏轼于死地。救援活动也在朝野同时展开，不但与苏轼政见相同的许多元老纷纷上书，连一些变法派的有识之士也劝谏宋神宗不要杀苏轼。王安石当时退休金陵，也上书说：“安有圣世而杀才士乎？”在大家的努力下，这场诗案就因王安石“一言而决”，苏轼得到从轻发落，贬为黄团练副使。
在黄州期间，苏轼早已心灰意冷，却仍旷达洒脱，写下了无数名篇。《赤壁赋》《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》等等都是在此期间创作的。面对滚滚长江，他发出无限感慨，“哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷“，”大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物“，只有对着滔滔的江河他才敢抒发自己的抱负，感叹人生的渺小，但他对朝廷已经失望，对政党已经失望，他只有写，不停的写，才可以将心中的郁结吐出来。
而后宋哲宗即位，他短暂的东山再起，却还是因为无法阿谀奉承，既不能溶于*，也无法见谅于旧党，因此苏轼再次申请外调。
这一去，他便再没有回过京城。先任杭州知州，后至惠州，最后竟被贬到流放仅次于满门抄斩低一等罪行的儋州。但他并没有自暴自弃，每到一个地方，他事必躬亲，都做出了令人称赞的功绩。
在再一次的调任途中，他最终卒于归途，享年六十五岁。
从意气风发一展宏图的少年到最后客死他乡的悲惨结局，苏轼这一生跌宕起伏，感受到了人生无常世间冷暖，但因为他的豁达，“归去，也无风雨也无晴“的洒脱，他乐得其所，留下灿烂了宋词的无数佳作。终其一生，也归满足了罢。
描写南京的诗
《游钟山》[原] （七律）
钟灵毓秀紫金山，福地原来别有天；*水楼台晴亦雨，矗崖宝塔夏犹寒；
先生陵墓呈祥气，灵谷禅堂结佛缘；游客熙熙人浪涌，醉人美景尽兴看。
《秦淮河》[原] （七律）
十里秦淮灯火灿，楼台亭榭绕河堤；笙歌浓酒盈朱雀，古籍奇珍满乌衣；
肃穆庙中拜孔子，庄严院内偈贤耆；升*盛世游人醉，漫步棂星八绝奇。
《秦淮春趣》[原] （五绝）
曲径生幽溆，花开溢酒香；旗亭春弄笛，画舫晚鸣榔。
《阅江楼》[原] （七绝）
有记无楼六百载，*砥空对大江咽；喜逢盛世华楼起，笑迎波涛直矗天。
《登阅江楼怀古》[原] （长短句）
六朝古都，城谓石头。
临滔滔东去江水，登巍巍金碧高楼，心潮逐波流。
忆英武吴侯，霸江东，拒曹、刘，黄须碧眼阿瞒愁！
叹晋、宋偏安，清谈误国，霄小当道忠良囚；
央央华夏，忍看中原丧敌手，羞羞！
朱明洪武率貔貅，灭群雄，驱胡酋；
建都于斯，一统九洲。
赞龙蹯虎踞，看秦淮风月，悠悠！
《金山寺》[原] （五律）
山上金山寺，金山寺里山；江天呈一色，泠水称元泉。
法海袈裟舞，蛇仙碧浪掀；前生情缘定，何必论妖仙？
《游焦山》[原] （七律）
碧玉浮江文化山，中流砥柱峙湍川；江天佛国香林刹，峭壁书廊宝墨轩。
千树裹山山裹寺，万竿遮寺寺遮庵；风*浪静神仙岛，海不扬波小竺天。
《燕子矶》[原] （五绝）
燕矶突兀砻，展翅欲凌空；石垒江边峙，惊涛脚下汹。
《船过江阴》[原] （七律）
江尾海头古暨郡，天然良港富铙乡；南连震泽千顷浪，北控长江万里航。
鹅鼻嘴边舟行急，惠山峰顶雁飞忙；索桥飞架舞银练，寥阔江天染夕阳。
六朝古都，城谓石头。临滔滔东去江水，登巍巍金碧高楼，心潮逐波流。 忆英武吴侯，霸江东，拒曹、刘，黄须碧眼阿瞒愁！叹晋、宋偏安，清谈误国，霄小当道忠良囚；央央华夏，忍看中原丧敌手，羞羞！ 朱明洪武率貔貅，灭群雄，驱胡酋；建都于斯，一统九洲。赞龙蹯虎踞，看秦淮风月，悠悠！
苏轼在南京写的诗词赏析
中华文化博大精深、源远流长，古诗词更是多不胜数。下面小编带来的是苏轼在南京写的诗词，希望对你有帮助。
苏轼，（1037年1月8日-1101年8月24日）字子瞻、和仲，号铁冠道人、东坡居士，世称苏东坡、苏仙，汉族，眉州眉山（四川省眉山市）人，祖籍河北栾城，北宋著名文学家、书法家、画家，历史治水名人。苏轼是北宋中期文坛领袖，在诗、词、散文、书、画等方面取得很高成就。文纵横恣肆；诗题材广阔，清新豪健，善用夸张比喻，独具风格，与黄庭坚并称“苏黄”；词开豪放一派，与辛弃疾同是豪放派代表，并称“苏辛”；散文著述宏富，豪放自如，与欧阳修并称“欧苏”，为“唐宋八大家”之一。苏轼善书，“宋四家”之一；擅长文人画，尤擅墨竹、怪石、枯木等。与韩愈、柳宗元和欧阳修合称“千古文章四大家”。作品有《东坡七集》《东坡易传》《东坡乐府》《潇湘竹石图卷》《古木怪石图卷》等。
渔家傲
宋代：苏轼
金陵赏心亭送王胜之龙图。王守金陵，视事一日移南郡。
千古龙蟠并虎踞。从公一吊兴亡处。渺渺斜风吹细雨。芳草渡。江南父老留公住。
公驾飞车凌彩雾。红鸾骖乘青鸾驭。却讶此洲名白鹭。非吾侣。翩然欲下还飞去。
译文
“钟山龙蟠，石头虎踞”，千古金陵引起人怀归的思绪。难得陪同你凭吊这历经沧桑的兴亡之地。斜风渺渺，细雨濛濛，弥散着一片别情离愁。难忘这芳草渡口，江南父老依依惜别，恳切地把你挽留。
且莫伤怀，在我的想象中，你驾着飞车穿越多彩的云霞，仙游似地以鸾鸟为陪乘者，一路凌风驭虚而来。却讶异这里的沙洲，居然名之为白鹭，并不是适宜的栖居地。于是翩翩然未曾歇翅，还是向别处飞去。
注释
⑴渔家傲：词牌名。又名”吴门柳“”忍辱仙人“”荆溪咏“”游仙关“。双调六十二字；前后阕相同，完全惟七言仄韵诗两绝合为一。其所不同者仅有第三句协韵，以及下添一个三字句而已。
⑵王胜之：即王（wan）益柔（1015—1086），字胜之，河南（今河南洛阳）人。
⑶”千古“句：是说金陵古城是许多帝王的都城。相传汉末刘备使诸葛亮至金陵，谓孙权曰：“秣陵地形，钟山龙蟠，石城虎踞，此帝王之宅。”蟠，或作“盘”。
⑷从：与、跟。古时有数代帝王在金陵建都，故作者有“兴亡处”之喻。
⑸“江南”句：因王（wan）益柔为官清廉，有声望，所以说“留公住”。
⑹鸾：传说中凤凰一类的鸟。骖（cān）：指在车两侧驾御。驭（yù）：指在车中驾御。因王（wan）益柔为龙图阁直学士，所以作者有此比喻。
⑺白鹭：即白鹭洲，在金陵城（今南京市）西门外，被秦淮河与长江围着。
赏析
此词开头概要地叙述了金陵的地理形势和历史变迁，是古代许多帝王看中的都城。接着着重描绘金陵百姓在蒙蒙细雨中送别王胜之的难舍难分之情。
过拍两句用游仙的比喻来称赞王胜之的品德高洁。最后以戏谑的语言、轻灵的笔意说明金陵算不得理想居地，其用意是宽慰王胜之。
在这首词中，词人送别酬唱的生活实景以及情感体验成为词作着力表现的主题。词人个体的生活体验进入词作表现的领域。与此同时，景物在词作中的比重大幅度下降，作用明显弱化。一方面，词中的景致不再是晏词中泛化、类型化的水乡风物，而是词人身之所历、眼之所见的现实的风景；另一方面，词中景与情之间的关系发生了根本性的扭转，景物不再是作品中的主导性部分，而是人物眼中之景、心中之景，带有鲜明的人物活动的印记和影响。
从苏轼开始的以词作抒写主体独特的生命历程以及情感体验的创作方向，为后世众多的词人继承和沿袭。随着创作的不断丰富，词作中也融入了更复杂、多元的情感内涵。其中最集中、最响亮的声音是对功名的否定和对沉溺于功名之中的生存方式的反思，如“功名薄似风前絮”“守定微官真个错”“世上功名翻覆手”“名利场中空扰扰”等，便属此类歌咏。其次，与薄宦功名相伴而来的是对羁旅之愁和思家之念的倾诉，以及亲友离别的悲伤，如“征尘万里伤怀抱”“故园凝望空流泪”“那堪送客江头路”“忆昔故人为侣伴，而今怎奈成疏间”等，便属这类情怀的抒发。此外，归隐之愿的表达亦屡屡见诸笔端，如“从今莫负云山约”“此身甘被烟霞锢”“林泉况味终须好” 等。
落尽繁华皆不是——苏轼起伏的一生
苏轼于景祐三年生于偏远川蜀的书香门第之中，其父亲苏洵便是《 三字经》里提到的“二十七，始发奋”的“ 苏老泉”。苏洵为他起名为“轼“，意为车前的扶手，取其默默无闻却扶危救困，不可或缺之意。这样的名字，或许正是昭示了苏轼不*凡的一生。
嘉佑元年，苏洵带着二十一岁的'苏轼，十九岁的其弟苏辙，自偏僻的西蜀地区，沿江东下，于嘉祐二年进京应试。当时的主考官是文坛领袖欧阳修，小试官是诗坛宿将梅尧臣。这两人正锐意诗文改革，苏轼那清新洒脱的文风，一下子击中了他们的心。
在欧阳修的一再称赞下，苏轼一时声名大噪。他每有新作，立刻就会传遍京师，家喻户晓。当父子名动京师、正要大展身手时，突然传来苏轼苏辙的母亲病故的噩耗。二兄弟随父回乡奔丧。嘉祐四年守丧期满回京，嘉祐六年，苏轼应中制科考试，授大理评事、签书凤翔府判官。
治*二年，苏洵病逝，苏轼、苏辙兄弟扶柩还乡，守孝三年。三年之后，苏轼还朝，震动朝野的王安石变法开始了。苏轼的许多师友，包括当初赏识他的恩师欧阳修在内，因反对新法与新任宰相王安石政见不合，被迫离京。朝野旧雨凋零，苏轼眼中所见，已不是他二十岁时所见的“*和世界”。就这样，未等苏轼在朝野完全伸展他的抱负，展露他的拳脚时，他已经被逼退到了政局的角落。
之后的苏轼仍倔强上书，向皇上提出新法的弊病，惹怒了王安石，于是苏轼自请离京，离开了他年少时期心心念念大展身手的政治朝野。
元丰二年，四十三岁的苏轼调任湖州知州。上任后，他即给皇上写了一封《湖州谢表》，其间个别句子被*们过分解读，又从苏轼的大量诗作中挑出他们认为隐含讥讽之意的句子，一时间，朝廷内一片倒苏之声。这年七月二十八日，苏轼上任才三个月，就被御史台的吏卒逮捕，解往京师，受牵连者达数十人。这就是北宋著名的“ 乌台诗案”。
乌台诗案这一巨大打击成为苏轼一生的转折点。*们非要置苏轼于死地。救援活动也在朝野同时展开，不但与苏轼政见相同的许多元老纷纷上书，连一些变法派的有识之士也劝谏宋神宗不要杀苏轼。王安石当时退休金陵，也上书说：“安有圣世而杀才士乎？”在大家的努力下，这场诗案就因王安石“一言而决”，苏轼得到从轻发落，贬为黄团练副使。
在黄州期间，苏轼早已心灰意冷，却仍旷达洒脱，写下了无数名篇。《赤壁赋》《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》等等都是在此期间创作的。面对滚滚长江，他发出无限感慨，“哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷“，”大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物“，只有对着滔滔的江河他才敢抒发自己的抱负，感叹人生的渺小，但他对朝廷已经失望，对政党已经失望，他只有写，不停的写，才可以将心中的郁结吐出来。
而后宋哲宗即位，他短暂的东山再起，却还是因为无法阿谀奉承，既不能溶于*，也无法见谅于旧党，因此苏轼再次申请外调。
这一去，他便再没有回过京城。先任杭州知州，后至惠州，最后竟被贬到流放仅次于满门抄斩低一等罪行的儋州。但他并没有自暴自弃，每到一个地方，他事必躬亲，都做出了令人称赞的功绩。
在再一次的调任途中，他最终卒于归途，享年六十五岁。
从意气风发一展宏图的少年到最后客死他乡的悲惨结局，苏轼这一生跌宕起伏，感受到了人生无常世间冷暖，但因为他的豁达，“归去，也无风雨也无晴“的洒脱，他乐得其所，留下灿烂了宋词的无数佳作。终其一生，也归满足了罢。
南京概况导游词
作为一名旅游从业人员，通常需要准备好一份导游词，导游词具有注重口语化、精简凝练、重点突出的特点。那么优秀的导游词是什么样的呢？以下是小编精心整理的南京概况导游词，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
南京是江苏省省会，副省级城市。古称金陵，简称宁。地处长江中下游*原东部苏皖两省交界处，江苏省西南部。东距上海市300余公里。东邻江苏省镇江市，西邻安徽省滁州市、巢湖市、马鞍山市、芜湖市，南接安徽宣城市、江苏省常州市，北连江苏省扬州市、安徽省天长市（县级）。地跨长江*，南北最大纵距140余公里，东西最大横距80余公里，辖区总面积6598*方千米，其中市区面积4844*方千米，建成区面积513*方公里。
南京南京是*重要的综合性工业生产基地。南京的电子、化工生产能力在国内城市中居第二位，车辆制造规模居第三位，机械制造业的技术、规模居国内领先地位，家用电器业、建材工业也都具有较大规模。南京是华东地区重要的交通、通讯枢纽，建立了全方位、立体化、大运量的交通运输网络，铁路、公路、水运、空运、管道五种运输方式齐全，拥有现代化的通讯体系。南京是全国四大科研教育中心城市之一，是全国重要的高教、科研基地，拥有一批国内一流的高校和科研机构。被国家9个部委列为*投资硬环境“四十优”城市之一。先后被评为*城市综合实力“五十强”第五名、国家园林城市、*优秀旅游城市、全国科技兴市先进城市、全国双拥模范城市、全国城市环境综合整治十佳城市、全国科技进步先进城市、国家环境保护和国家卫生城市等称号。南京地处辽阔的长江下游*原，濒江*海，“黄金水道”穿城而过，南京港作为天然良港已成为远东内河第一大港，城市发展也定位于江滨港口城市，目前已成为*东部地区以电子、汽车、化工为主导产业的综合性工业基地，重要的交通枢纽和通讯中心。
各位游客大家好！孔子曰：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”，首先请允许我代表南京中华旅行社对大家来南京旅游观光表示热烈欢迎。我姓王，是本团导游。能为大家做导游是我的荣幸，我和司机王师傅一定为大家服务，尽力满足大家的要求，帮助大家解决问题和困难，使大家乘兴而来，满意而归。希望通过我的介绍，让古老而又美丽的.南京给大家留下一个难忘的印象。在此我祝大家旅途愉快！
现在我将南京向大家做一个简单的介绍。南京简称宁，位于江苏省西南部，处于长江下游黄金地带，地跨长江*。人杰地灵，物华天宝，南京市面积约6597*方公里，人口*800多万，下辖11个区2个郊县，是全省政治、经济、文化的中心。气候属亚热带气候，四季分明，是一处十分理想的旅游胜地。
南京历史悠久，是我国著明的四大古都之一。素有“江南佳丽地，金陵帝王州”之誉。自公元前472年越王勾践建“越城”开始，已2400多年的建城史。历史上正式建都于南京是从东吴孙权开始的，以后东晋、宋、齐、梁、陈都先后在此建都。因此南京有“六朝古都”之称。此后南唐、太*军天国、*也在此建都，所以南京又有“十朝都会”之说。历朝历代为南京留下了许多名字，如：金陵、秣陵、建邺、建康、蒋州、江宁、升州、集庆、应天、天京等，有些名字作为南京的地名沿用至今。南京的得名来源于明朝初年，当时的南京叫应天府，朱元璋曾经打算把都城迁到开封，将开封命名为北京，应天府称南京，后来国都虽然没有迁成，但是南京的名称却一直保留下来。
南京的气候令人畏而生惧，夏天像个大火炉，那个热呀，恨不得苍蝇蚊子都能中暑；冬天像个大冰窖，那个冷呀，好像睡觉也会冻翘翘。为什么会这样呢？就要说到它的地势了。
且听听诸葛孔明怎么说的。在赤壁之战前，诸葛亮应孙权之约，下江南共商抗曹大计，骑着小毛驴，摇着鹅毛扇，考察建邺后（今南京），说“钟山龙蟠，石城虎踞，此乃帝王之宅也。”也就是说，在南京，东有绵延起伏的钟山，像一条盘龙；西有巍然的石头城屹立于大江之滨，像一只猛虎蹲踞着，这一切暗合古时传统的好风水：左青龙，右白虎，后人简称为“虎踞龙蟠”。大山小山整把南京围了个圈儿，只有北边缺了个口儿。造物主偏爱南京，又送给她什么？长江，对了。古人没翅膀，没大桥，没飞机，没大炮，敌人只能望江兴叹。所以嘛，封建帝王想：“南京好，美景多，美人娇，躺在里面睡大觉”。
明朝。葬朱元璋马皇后的明孝陵，已被列*合国教科文组织的世界遗产名录。提到朱元璋，不能不提长35.267公里的明城墙，这个数据是最新的，用美国的军用卫星测量出来的。当年朱元璋采纳谋士的“高筑墙，广积粮，缓称王”的建议，借沈万三的聚宝盆修筑了固若金汤的城墙。如今以中华门城堡最雄伟，也是保存得最好。如果有机会，登临中华门，我们既可领略明城墙的雄伟坚固，又可以回味书上报上口头上的种种历史传说，还可以幻想种种可能的结果。当年，为了不按约定在五更鸡叫时还聚宝盆，朱元璋下令杀光全城的鸡。从此，南京没有鸡子，就吃鸭子了。南京的板盐、盐水鸭，皮白肉粉骨头绿，极具地方特色。
说到咱们南京，不得不提的就是与“吃”、“喝”、“玩”、“穿”相对应的四大特产：盐水鸭、雨花茶、雨花石和云锦。盐水鸭皮薄肉嫩、口味鲜美，是受到中外游客普遍欢迎的著名特产。雨花茶是*的十大名茶之一，茶叶条索紧直、形似松针，茶水色香味俱全。雨花石是在特定地质条件下形成的，纹理优美、象形绝伦，是文人雅士的珍爱之物。云锦是明清两代的贡品，色彩艳丽、灿若云霞，与苏州宋锦、成都蜀锦齐名。
【序】
一直以来，我总想为自己写一篇真实的自己，
不添枝加叶不掺杂虚浮，可我并非作家也非学者，
只读到初一上学期就因家境而退学，
所以我连文学爱好者都勉为其难，
因而我常常在我亲朋好友间成了笑柄。
但我并没有因这些而放弃。
其实我不求利却求一种虚名，
我更想用我的方式表达，我的人生我的追求梦想，
沿途的风景生活的艰难。憧憬是美好的，
然而现实却是残酷的，
所以我的笔下尽是沧桑，
没有欢悦的爱情描述，没有阳光的正能量，
只有伤感的恋曲和悲哀的生活价值观。
《赖南京》
文/赖南京
由于出生山村加上家境贫寒
十六岁南下踏上打工行业
从此的职业是名地道外来工
由于身村矮小外加其貌不扬
过度的自卑我变得异常胆怯
由于学历低微无才无技
职场屡屡失利情场段段失意
在人生的梦想我固执地坚持
害怕如果仅有的梦想都失去
生命的存在是否还有色彩
也许上天怜惜也许害怕老去
生命的另一半尽管姗姗来迟
却还是眷顾，从此不再孤单
不再毫无生气不再惊慌忧虑
生儿育女履行人生的使命
可不知这粗糙的双手能否
为生计开创未来的生活温馨
为家人撑起一片安逸的甜蜜
冷漠不再守候柔情不再空口
可时光滑过指尖更改了容颜
我却还是忙忙碌碌一无所有
心力交瘁却还得为生计奔走
望着镜中的我青春不再
却无法掩饰岁月留下的沧桑
这一路走得艰辛又不堪回首
通往幸福的路何方才是尽头
何处能有一片阳光净土容身
春，是我们写作文的好题材，也是古人写诗的好题材，大家看看下面的关于南京春天的吧！
北湖南埭水漫漫，一片降旗百尺竿。
三百年间同晓梦，钟山何处有龙盘？
——唐·《咏史》
江雨霏霏江草齐，六朝如梦鸟空啼。
无情最是台城柳，依旧烟笼十里堤。
——唐·韦庄《台城》
不见明居士，空山但寂寥。
白莲吟次缺，青霭坐来销。
泉冷无三伏，松枯有六朝。
何时石上月，相对论逍遥。
——唐·皮日休《游栖霞寺》
登临送目，正故国晚秋，天气初肃。
千里澄江似练，翠峰如簇。
归帆去棹残阳里，背西风，酒旗斜矗。
彩舟云淡，星河鹭起，画图难足。
念往昔，繁华竞逐，叹门外楼头，悲恨相续。
千古凭高对此，谩嗟荣辱。
六朝旧事随流水，但寒烟衰草凝绿。
至今商女，时时犹唱，*遗曲。
——北宋·《桂枝香．金陵怀古》
其一
茅檐长扫净无苔，花木成蹊手自栽。
一水护田将绿绕，两山排闼送青来。
其二
桑畴索漠楝花繁，风敛余香暗度垣。
黄鸟数声残午梦，尚疑身在半山园。
——北宋·王安石《书湖阴先生壁上二首》
庭院深深深几许？
云窗雾阁常扃。
柳梢梅萼渐分明。
春归秣陵树，人老建康城。
感月吟风多少事，如今老去无成。
谁怜憔悴更凋零。
试灯无意思，踏雪无心情。
——宋·《临江仙》
[关于南京春天的诗句]
描写南京明城墙的诗句
(第一首)
巍峨势向紫云挨，王气依稀散旧阶。
只字无言将责系，片时有悟把心揩。
风摇瘦草前朝籽，燕啄新泥今日街。
明月最知桑海事，城头兀自照秦淮。
（第二首）
古老明城醉碧空，白云踏早乘秋风。
瑶章雅韵扬华夏，妙笔行書养眼瞳。
一曲琴声惊客起，二篇唐赋玉音洪。
回听六百苍桑史，多少枭雄瓦砾中？
（第三首）
地尽其危尽费谋，巧工建造扼咽喉。
民心向背凝津远，北斗光辉覆润稠。
洪武峻风名贵殿，麒麟迥韵誉华楼。
天然魅力神奇在，领异标新至劲遒。
（第四首）
巍峨势向紫云挨，王气依稀散旧阶。
只字无言将责系，片时有悟把心揩。
风摇瘦草前朝籽，燕啄新泥今日街。
明月最知桑海事，城头兀自照秦淮。
（第五首）
沧桑变幻斗星寒，深湛朱宫起应天。
风雨钟山兵百洞，王侯淮水甲十船。
湖中玄武青云树，城里石头紫霭烟。
固若金汤京苑邃，巨砖浇筑骨巍然。
（第六首）
古老明城醉碧空，白云踏早乘秋风。
瑶章雅韵扬华夏，妙笔行书养眼瞳。
一曲琴声惊客起，二篇唐赋玉音洪。
回听六百苍桑史，多少枭雄瓦砾中？
（第七首）
四重环套古南京，累月经年始建成。
旧制不循追过往，自然何觅赶恢弘。
钟灵毓秀山樊水，地利天时殿致宫。
万里长城博物在，壮观雄伟又一宗。
（第八首）
太祖揪心永世皇，朱升献策筑高墙。
江闽遍地红炉烬，浙赣青砖到处乡。
雉堞蜿蜒超汉楚，城垣壮丽傲隋唐。
摩挲斑驳凸凹字，可见刀绳多少郎。
南京财经大学是211吗
南京财经大学是一所以经济管理类学科为主，经济学、管理学、法学、工学、文学、理学等多学科支撑配套、协调发展的江苏省属重点建设大学，下面是小编分享的南京财经大学是211吗，文章内容希望大家喜欢。
南京财经大学不是211
南京财经大学既不是211也不是985，这个学校可能占了点名字的名头，其实在南京算不得多好，但也绝对不算差的那一列。可以这么说，在非211里，算好的。金融类、粮食类是学校强项。
其实一般男女比例在财经大学都会女生多一些，但是在这个南京财经大学男女比例是4:6，所以我就觉得还好。
这个学校的分数不低，也许是因为这个学校的地理位置比较好，毕竟我记得在每年校招的时候会有很多大企业来这个学校招一些学生，而且其中不乏有一些知名的企业，所以这个学校学生的未来发展前景还是比较不错的。
然后这个学校的地里位置也比较好，要方便的，如果想去市区中心的话，出了门系有地铁也有公交，所以这个交通是十分便利的。
南京审计和南京财经哪个好就业
南京财经大学的前身是1956年创建的南京粮食学校，1981年升格为南京粮食经济学院，1993年去年是粮食二字更名为南京经济学院，2000年江苏经济管理干部学院、江苏财经专科学校并入南京经济学院，2003年南京经济学院更名为南京财经大学。学校有4个国家级特色专业建设点：会计学、统计学、经济学、食品科学与工程。
这些年，由于财经、金融等专业一直是大热门，大家一看到财经大学，本能的就觉得高大上，趋之若鹜，导致了这些年南财大的录取分数也是节节攀升。前年我的侄女儿高考，考了350多分，想报考南财的金融和会计类专业，结果专业不够，只上了该校的国际贸易专业。
总的来说，现在财经类的学校经过多年的热门反应，分数完全是虚高的。大家不管一所学校的创办历史，不管学校的办学实力，只要看到是财经大学，就蜂拥而至。像上海财大的`财经、金融类专业，每年在江苏的录取分数基本都是向上交大和复旦这样的顶级985类高校看齐。或能是因为在很多人的感觉里，学好金融类的专业，将来从事证券投资类的行业，可以快速致富吧。但是，学这个的，最后有多少人能真正进入哪个行业呢？即使是进入了那些行业，致富是一种可能，风险也是并存的。
南京财经大学是一本吗
根据*息可知：南京财经大学在江苏和全国基本上是第一批次招生，所以我们通常认为南京财经大学是一本大学。(注：自2021年开始，江苏本科一批、二批合并为本科批)
教育部门并没有划分南京财经大学是一本还是二本，毕业证上只有本科和专科之分，是几本只是民间的说法。(某大学在某省是第一批次招生的话，就说该大学是一本大学，在第二批次招生的话，就说该大学是二本大学)
南京财经大学是双一流吗
第二轮双一流建设高校名单公布，江苏有16所大学入选，但是南京财经大学没有入选，所以南京财经大学不是双一流大学。
双一流建设高校共评选了2轮，首批建设高校140所，本次第二轮建设高校147所，其中山西大学、南京医科大学、湘潭大学、华南农业大学、广州医科大学、南方科技大学、上海科技大学为第二轮新入选的7所高校。
南京财经大学简介
南京财经大学始建于1956年的粮食部南京粮食学校，是新*自己创办的第一批粮食院校之一。1981年，南京粮食经济学院在原南京粮食学校的基础上建立。2003年，经教育部批准，学校正式更名为南京财经大学。2011年，江苏省人民*与国家*签约共建南京财经大学。2021年，学校获批审核增列且需要加强建设的博士学位授予单位，获批江苏高水*大学建设高峰计划B类建设高校。
学校拥有仙林、福建路和桥头3个校区，占地面积120.7万*方米，总建筑面积71.36万*方米。设有教学机构23个。现有普通本科在校学生16000余人，在校博士、硕士研究生3000余人。学校现拥有应用经济学博士后流动站，“现代粮食流通产业发展与政策”服务国家特殊需求博士人才培养项目，硕士学位授权一级学科13个，硕士专业学位授权点16个，普通本科专业49个，中外合作办学本科专业4个。
学校现拥有应用经济学、工商管理、食品科学与工程等江苏高校优势学科3个，马克思主义理论、法学、统计学、数学、理论经济学、计算机科学与技术等江苏省重点(培育)学科6个。“农业科学”和“工程科学”进入ESI国际学科排名全球前1%。获批现代服务业协同创新中心、现代粮食流通与安全协同创新中心、江苏现代财税治理协同创新中心等省级协同创新中心3个。
南京中山陵英文导游词
作为一名具备丰富知识的导游，常常需要准备导游词，导游词是讲解当地的基本情况，介绍风土人情的文章。那要怎么写好导游词呢？以下是小编精心整理的南京中山陵英文导游词，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
My dear friends ,when you come to a city, you probably want to visit the most famous scenic spots of special interest. Nanjing has many place of historic interests and has been capital for six “dynasties.” But if you leave Nanjing without visiting Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum, undoubtedly you have missed the most arresting and famous tourist attraction of the city.
Talking about the Mausoleum we should have an idea about Sun Yat-sen, the great pioneer of Chinese democratic revolution. Mr. Sun `s original name is Sun Wen and styled himself Yat-sen. So foreign friends would call him “Dr. Sun Yat-sen ”. Since he took “Woodcutter in Zhoushan ”as his alias when he took part in the revolutionary activities, he was respectfully and widely called Mr. Sun Zhongshan in China. On October 12, 1866, Mr. Sun was born in a farmer` s family in Caiheng village of Xiangshan county (the present-day zhongshang City) ,Guangdong Province. When he was still young, he had great expectations. He studied medicine in Honolulu, Hong Kong and some other places and after graduation he worked as a practitioner in Gangzhou, Macao and other places Later he gave up medicine as his profession to take part in political activities. In 1905, he set up China Alliance Organization in Japan and he was elected president. He put forward the famous guiding principle- “driving the invaders out ,restoring the sovereignty of China, establishing a republic and equalizing the land ownership ” and the Three People` s Principles-“ Nationalism, Democracy and the People` s Livelihood. ” On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang uprising broke out and Dr. Sun as elected Inrterim President of the Republic of China by representatives from seventeen provinces. On the following New Year` s day (January 1, 1912) Mr. Sun took the oath of office in Nanjing. From then on ,Mr. Sun experienced Yuan Shikai` s usurpation, the Second Revolution, “Campaign Protecting the Interim Constitution.” In 1921, Mr. Sun took the position of President in Unusual Times in Guangzhou. At the first National Congress of Kuomintang held in Quangzhou in 1924, he perfected the original Three People` s Principles and put forward Three people` s New Principles. He also proposed the policies of “Making an alliance with Russia and the Communist Party of China and helping the farmers and workers. ” In November 1924, in spite of his illness, Mr. Sun went up to Beijing to discuss state affairs with General Feng Yuxiang.
Unfortunately, he broke down from constant overwork and passed away on March 12, 1925.
The location of the Mausoleum was chosen by Mr. Sun himself. Here is exactly a good place to build a mausoleum. You may wonder: Mr. Sun was born in Guangdong but died in Beijing. For his whole life he traveled throughout China for the revolution. Why did he choose Nanjing as the venue of his tomb?
It is said that far before Mr. Sun took office in 1912, the abbot of Lingu Monastery had recommended him that his place is good for fengshui, because it faces the plain and is backed up by green mountains as its protective screen. On March 31,1912 Mr. Un resigned as a political compromise for the sake of the union of the North China and the South China. One day of the early April, he went hunting with Hu Hanmin around the Piety Tomb of Ming Dynasty. They took a rest in the place wehre the Mausoleum is located now. Mr. Sun looked around and said “IF possible I would like my countrymen to allow me to have this place to bury my coffin.” Surely, the fengshui of the Zijing Mountain is not the basic reason for the location of Mr. Sun` s mausoleum . The basic reason is that, he said on dying “After my death, you can bury me at the foot of the Zijin Mountain in Nanjing in memory of the Revolution of 1911, because Nanjing is where the temporary government was founded. ”So although Mr. Sun stayed in Nanjing not a long time, it had a special meaning to him. Fundamentally speaking, the reason he chose Zijing Mountain as his permanent resting-place is to commemorate the revolution of 1911 and to encourage the revolutionaries.
In order to respect Mr. Sun` s wish, the Preparatory Commi* of Sun Yat-sen` s Funeral, including his wife Song Qingling and his son Sunke, examined the area and chose the site for the Mausoleum. They delimited 2000 mu and offered a reward in newspaper for the best design of the Mausoleum. Among all the contribution, young architect Lu Yanzhi `s design, a design in the shape of a bell ,was highly praised and gained the first prize and he himself was invited to supervise the whole project as well.
On March 12,1926, the first anniversary of Mr. Sun` s death, the project got started and 3 years later, it was completed in spring of 1929. It cost 1.5 million silver collars totally.
Unfortunately, LuYanzhi, the young architect with great gift, suffered when supervising the project ,and died at 35, just before the completion of the Mausoleum. The completion ceremony was held on June 1, 1929 and Mr. Sun` s remains was transported from Beijing to Nangjing. From then on ,Mr. Sun has slept here for nearly 70 years.
The construction of Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum was an important event in the history of Nanjing. In order to meet Mr. Sun` s coffin, the first asphalt road was built from Zhongshan Port in the west to Zhongshan Gate in the east; it is 12 kilometres in length and also called Zhongshan Road. Up to today, Zhangshan Road is still one of the most important main roads. At the same time, the city gate Chaoyang Gate which was built in Ming Dynasty was renovated and Changed its name to Zhongshan Gate. Between Zhongshang Gate and Dr.Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum, a road called the Mausoleum Road was built. Just as the people of Paris take pride of their les Champs-Elysees and the people of New York ,the Fifth Avenue, the nanjing people are prond of their boulevards. And the 3 kilometers long Mausoleum Road is undoubtedly the best representative of these boulevards. Along both sides of the “green corridor” grows the main kind of tree in Nanjing as parasols Usually Chinese people call them French plane trees, in fact they are Chinese local products. Just because Frenchmen took them from Yunnan Province to France and later they transplanted them in their leased territory in Shanghai, that is why they got such a name.
Now ,we are going out of the Zhongshan Gate and driving along the Mausoleum Road. The destination ahead is a square in shape of crescent, According to Lu Yanzhi` s design, the place of the Mausoleum is like a “duo”, a big wooden bell, which was used to announce a policy, decree or a war in ancient time. Duo` s sound is loud and clear, im*ing to make the whole world peaceful and happy. The design reminds the people of Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s well-known saying “The revolution is far from success and we should continue working hard.” This saying also serves s an alert to the later generation. The crescent-shaped square is the bottom of the “Bell of Freedom”.
Now ,please look to the south. There is a octagon platform structured with reinforced concrete but covered with Jinshan stone of Suzhou. The platform is divided into three layers and each layer is enclosed by stone rails. The copper “ding” (an ancient cooking vessel) with two looped handles and two legs weighs 5000 kg. IT is 4.25 meters high and its diameter is 1.23 meters. It is one of the construction for memory of the mausoleum. The “ding ” was built in autumn, 1933 with donation of students and teaching staff of the Zhongshan University and Mr. Dai jitao. One side of the “ding ” is engraved with three characters “Intelligence, Humanity and Brevity”. These three words are the school instruction of Zhongshan University. Inside of the “ding ”stands a hexagon copper tablet on which Dai Jitao` s mother` s handwriting of the “Filial Piety” is engraved. To the bell-shaped mausoleum the “ding ” is just like the pendulum . It seems to serve to alarm the whole nation by striking the bell.
Stepping on the steps, we will see a soaring memorial archway with four columns. The archway was built between 1931 and 1933, 12meters hight and 17.3 meters in width. It is made of huge Granite from Fujian Province, but its structure is in Chinese traditional wood structure style. Now, look up at the shining words inscribed on the horizontal board. The word in English mean fraternity. They were written by Dr. Sun Yat-sen. The word are taken from a Tang Dynasty poet Han Yu` s “Fraternity is humanity ” .It is said that Mr. Sun very much liked to write these two words to others. Dr. Sun devoted his whole life to bourgeois democratic revolution with great fraternity and struggled for the national independence and freedom fro scores of years. So we can say that “fraternity” is the best generalization of his life.
Further from the Fraternity Archway, there is a road leading to the mausoleum. The road is 480 meters long and dozens of meters wide. The whole design of the mausoleum gives prominence to Chinese traditional style, grand, solemn and specific. In order to embody the greatness of Mr. Sun, the Mausoleum followed the example of ancient mausoleums and was built against mountains and the coffin chamber was placed at the top of the mountain that is 160 meters high. In addition, the plants of the Mausoleum are symmetric, which make it feel more solemn. Now, please look forward to the north, along the hillside ,situate the mausoleum Gate, the Stele Pavilion, the Memorial Hall and the coffin chamber right behind. The pines,cypresses, ginkgoes and maples on the both sides of the road represent Mr. Sun` s revolutionary spirit and lofty quality. They take the place of statues and stone beasts which usually flanked the sacred road in ancient times. Among the trees, cedar is one of the “four kinds of tree for appreciation” and has been honored as the tree of Nanjing City. The grand archway at the end of the Mausoleum Road is the formal beginning of the mausoleum area. IT is 16 meters high, 27 meters wide and 8.8 meters deep. It is made of granite from the Fujian Province, too. Inscribed on the horizontal board of the middle passage is Dr. SunYat-sen` s handwriting. It means that the state doesn` t belong to one family but belongs to the entire nation and the common people. This is the goal for which Mr. Sun struggled for his whole life and it is also the excellent explanation of the Democracy of the Three People` s Principles. We have passed the gate of the Mausoleum, then in front of us is the Stele Pavilion. The 9-meter high stele in the middle of the pavilion was engraved with 24 gold-plating characters of Yan Zhenqing style, “Chinese KMT buried Premier Sun here on June 1, 18th year of the Republic of China”. These words were written by one of the founder members of KMT, Tan Yankai. When talking about setting up a stele, Wang Jing wei and Hu Hanmin were arranged to write an inscription for Mr. Sun, but two years passed, yet nothing they could write. Because they thought that Mr. Sun` s merits couldn` t be generated by word, then they chose to use the present from to praise Dr. Sun without engraving an inscription.
Going out of the pavilion, we` ll see numerous layers of steps. The people of Nanjing often say that the steps in the Mausoleum ware as number as the stone lions on Lugou Bridge (known for Westerners as Marco Polo Bridge). So when coming here tourists usually ask, “how many steps on earth are there in the Mausoleum?” My friends, if you are interested you can count them.
Now we are coming near the top platform. Look ,there are two big copper “ding”. They were contributed by Shanghai municipal government of that time. Now, please look carefully. There are two holes in the bottom of the left “ding”. Why? Just let me tell you .In late 1937, when the Japanese army attacked Nanjing, their shooting left two holes in the left ding. Now, although the circumstances have changed, the two holes always remind Chinese people not to forget the national humiliation. Not far away, there are two bronze dings in ancient style. They are presented by Mr. Sun` s son Sun Ke and his family.
Ascending the steps, now we have reached the top of the platform. Here we can have a bird-view of what it is in the distance. The Memorial Hall is the half way up to the mountain and there are altogether 392 steps covered if you count from the archway of Fraternity. The vertical distance is 70 meters but the plane distance is 700 meters. If you count the steps from the Stele Pavilion, the number of steps is 290. In order to avoid monotone ,the architect divided the 392 steps into 10 parts and every part has a platform and there are totally 10 such platforms. More marvelous, if you look up from the bottom, you can see that the steps extend to the top without stop and you cant see any platform. But if you look down from the top, you only see the platforms. The number of the steps, 392, is not a random number, it implied the number of Chinese population at that time-392 million.
Now we are in front of the Memorial Hall and the coffin Chamber. They are the major parts of the Mausoleum. The construction of these two building was supervised then by Lu Yanzhi, the gift young designer. If is when he was doing these two building he died of cancer. So when the later generation mention him they would often say, “It is a great pity he died before his complete success.” The structure of the Sacrificed Hall is of a ancient wooden palace style. It is 30 meters long, 25 meters wide and 29 meter high, surrounded by smaller constructions of fortress style and two 12.6-meter-high cloud columns. Its roof, with double-eaves and nine ridges, is covered with blue glare tiles. The outside of wall is covered with granite from Hongkong. The inscription on the horizontal board is engraved with seal characters cut in relief- “Naturalism” “Democracy” and “The people` s livelihood” . These are the most basic and general guiding principles of Mr. Sun` s revolutionary activities. Above “Democracy” , there is a horizontal inscription board with Sun` s handwriting on it, “Fill the World with Justice”.
Please follow me into the Memorial Hall. The floor is covered with white and black marble from Yunnan Province. The colors of white and black are among the traditional color for burial ceremonies in China. There are 12 black stone columns, with 0.8 meter as the diameter for each. You will see that the interiors of the walls around are inset with black marble. Now you can have a look at Mr. Sun Yat-seen` s handwriting of “Programme for Founding a State”, engraved on the east and west walls. The main colors of the Hall are black, white and blue, which are used to express filial piety in China. The inside windows are inlaid with smaltos. They present western flavors especially with floods of sunshine. The style of the whole structure is a blend of the East and the West, representing the well blended doctrine of Dr. Sun Yat-sen.
In the middle is the sitting statue of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in a robe. It is 4.6 meters high and the bottom is 2.1 meters wide. It was sculpted by the famous French sculptor Paul Arinsky whose native country is Poland . He was entrusted by the commi* of Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Funeral for sculpting it. He chose the Italian marble as the material for the statue . In 1930, the sculpture was sent to the Mausoleum from Paris. Its total cost was 1.5 million francs. The sic relief below are pictures depicting Mr. Sun` s life and revolutionary activities.
Passing through the Hall, we have come to the Coffin Chamber. There are two doors that you need to get through. The outer door consists of two American-made safety door leafs which are made of copper. The nails on them and the mysterious beasts on the copper loops are typical of traditional Chinese. The horizontal inscription board was engraved with “The noble spirit will never perish ” which was Sun` s handwriting for the 72 martyrs` tomb in Huanghua Mound of Guanzhou .The secound door is a single copper leaf engrave with seven characters “Mr. Sun Yat-sen` s tomb” which were written by Zhang Jing jiang.
The tomb is a half globe in shape. The design of KMT emblem is mosaicked in the vaulted dome. The floor of the round room is covered with marble. The room` s diameter is 18 meters and the height is 11 meters .The walls are covered with pink marbles. The circular marble pit is 1.7 meters deep and 4.35 meters in diameter. It is enclose with 1-meter-high white marble rails. In the pit lays Dr. Sun Yat-sen lying statue in Zhongshan Suit. This is sculpted in accordance to Mr. Sun` s remains by a Czechoslovakian sculptor. His copper coffin is lying about 5 meters below the sculpture. You may ask why on earth the clothes Dr. Wears for the sitting statue are totally different from those for the lying one? In those years, the leftists and the rightists inside of the KMT had severe conflicts. The rightists, headed by Chang Kai-shek wanted to restore the ancient ways and opposed revolution. They insisted that Mr. Sun should wear long robe, while the leftists insisted he wear Zhongshan Suit. Since they had different opinions thus the two statues have different clothes styles.
My friends, I `m afraid you must be concern about whether Mr. Sun remains are in the tomb or not. In fact, his remains had a unusual experience. After his death, his remain were dealt with antiseptic and placed in Biyun Monastery in Beijing in March, 1925. When the warlord Zhang Zong chang was defeated by the North Expeditionary Army and withdrew to Beijing in 1926, he ascribed his failure to Mr. Sun` s remains and decided to burn them .It is the patriotic general Zhang Xuelian who sent troops to protect the remains. Unfortunately they were once exposed to the air though they were safe again. On May 28, 1929, Mr. Sun` s coffin was sent to Pukou from Beijing by Jinpu Railway, and on June 1 it reached the Mausoleum. After the Grand Ceremony of Feng` an, the coffin and the remains were put into the pit and used cement to concrete it .The bottom of the tomb is granite. Under the copper coffin, there is a specially made wooden pad and enclosing the coffin is a well-sealed crystal box. After the breakout of the Resistance War against Japan, KMT government planed to transport the remains to Chongqing and at the end of the liberation war, Chang Kai-shek planed to transport it to Taiwan this time. Because it was not a easy job to take the coffin out and the work might do damage to the remains as well, this plan was fiercely attacked by the engineering field and the left wing of the KMT. At last Chang gave up the plan. So the remains have stayed here safely up to today.
Passing through the door in the back wall of the square outside you will arrive at the Mausoleum Park. The back wall of the park is a “Exhibition of Construction of Dr. Sun Yat-sen` s Mausoleum ”.The Exhibition contains nearly 200 precious historic materials which show the construction of the Mausoleum and the process of the transportation of Mr. Sun` s remains.
Beside the main structure, there are also some constructions around the Mausoleum built in memory of Mr. Sun. Most of the constructions are built after 1929 with the donation of those from both all trades in China and overseas Chinese. The Fraternity Pavilion on top of the Plum Hill is built with the donation of a Taiwanese compatriot. IT was completed on November 12,1993, the 127th anniversary of Mr. Sun` s birthday.
Ladies and gentlemen. Mr. Sun struggled for a better China for his whole life and overthrew monarch feudalist system which lasted for more than 2000 years. He carried out the three principal policies of “Making an alliance with Russia and the Communist Party of China and helping the farmers and workers” in his later days. The great feat Mr. Sun has achieved has gained great respect and praise from people from both home and abroad. After liberation, both central and local governments have exerted great efforts in preserving this excellent heritage.
Now, as one of the “Top Forty Tourist Resorts in China” Dr. Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum receives numerous Chinese and international friends every years. People come here to pay homage to Mr. Sun. Today, the unification has become the main tendency in terms of the relations between the Chinese on both sides of the Straits . I believe that most Chinese people, from both home and abroad, are expecting from the bottom of heart the coming of the day when our country is united and getting more prosperous. At that time, when hearing this. Dr. Sun would smile and be satisfied for sure in the other world. OK, thank you very much for your cooperation. Good bye and good luck!
拓展：南京中山陵观后感
今天，我们一家参观了中山陵。
因南京为临时*成立之地，所以不忘辛亥革命也。”用来唤醒世人。爬上石阶中门横额上是孙中山手书“天下为公，意思是说国家*不是哪一家的.天下，而是天下人的天下，老百姓的天下。这是孙先生毕生奋斗的理想，也是他所倡导的三民主义的极好注解。蓝色的琉璃瓦在阳光下闪闪发亮……走进里面，是汉白玉的孙先生的坐像，是按孙先生生前，一比一的比例雕刻的，安详而又庄重……
中山陵每年接待着来自世界各地的无数炎黄子孙与国际友人。人们怀着对中山先生伟大精神的崇敬与景仰来到这里凭吊拜谒。在*统一成为大势所趋、人心所向的今天，面对目前海峡*的现状，海内外炎黄子孙都衷心期盼着祖国统一、繁荣昌盛的那一天早日到来。彼时彼刻，倘若孙中山先生泉下有知，必会含笑长眠的。
孙先生把一生全融进了革命，为建国重量人物。中山陵，令我留念忘返！
1、石头城 作者：刘禹锡 [唐]
山围故国周遭在，潮打空城寂寞回。 淮水东边旧时月，夜深还过女墙来。
2、 乌衣巷 作者：刘禹锡 [唐]
朱雀桥边野草花，乌衣巷口夕阳斜。 旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家
3、临江仙 作者：李清照 [宋]
庭院深深深几许，云窗雾阁常扃，柳梢梅萼渐分明，春归秣陵树，人老建康城。 感月吟风多少事，如今老去无成，谁怜憔悴更雕零，试灯无意思，踏雪没心情
4、渔家傲 作者：苏轼
千古龙蟠并虎踞。 从公一吊兴亡处。 渺渺斜风吹细雨。 芳草渡。 江南父老留公住。 公驾飞车淩彩雾。 红鸾骖乘青鸾驭。 却讶此洲名白鹭。 非吾侣，翩然欲下还飞去。
5、南乡子 作者：王安石
自古帝王州，郁郁葱葱佳气浮。 四百年来成一梦，堪愁，晋代衣冠成古丘。 绕水恣行游，上尽层楼更上楼。 往事悠悠君莫问，回头，槛外长江空自流。
6、酹江月·驿中言别友人 作者：文天祥
恨东风、不借世间英物。 蜀鸟吴花残照里，忍见荒城颓壁，铜雀春清，金人秋泪，此恨凭谁雪？ 堂堂剑气，斗牛空认奇杰。 那信江海余生，南行万里，属扁舟齐发。 正为鸥盟留醉眼，细看涛生云灭。 睨柱吞嬴，回旗走懿，千古冲冠发。 伴人无寐，秦淮应是孤月。
7、八声甘州 作者：辛弃疾
把江山好处付公来，金陵帝王州。 想今年燕子，依然认得，王谢风流。 只用*时尊俎，弹压万貔貅，依旧钓天梦，玉殿东头。 看取黄金横带，是明年准拟，丞相封侯。 有红梅新唱，香阵卷温柔。 且华堂、通宵一醉，待从今、更数八千秋。 公知否，邦人香火，夜半才收。
8、金陵三首（一） 作者：李白
晋家南渡日，次地旧长安。 地即帝王宅，山为龙虎盘。 金陵空壮观，天堑净波澜。 醉客回桡去，吴歌且自欢。
9、 金陵三首（二） 作者：李白
地拥金陵势，城回江水流。 当时百万户，夹道起朱楼。 亡国生春草，离宫没古丘。 空余后湖月，波上对江洲。
10、金陵三首（三） 作者：李白
六代兴亡国，三杯为尔歌。 苑方秦地少，山似洛阳多。 古殿吴花草，深宫晋绮罗。 并随人事灭，东逝与沧波 。
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