名词短语作定语

名词性定语从句例句

名词性定语从句例句

　　定语从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。下面是小编带来的名词性定语从句例句，希望对你有帮助。

　　一．主语从句

　　1、Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.

　　2、Why he left so abruptly is not known to any of us.

　　3、When he’ll be back depends much on the weather.

　　4、Whether she comes or not doesn’t concern me.

　　5、Wherever he once lived is well preserved.

　　6、It is natural that they should have different views.

　　7、It was quite plain that she didn’t want come.

　　8、It’s a pity that he can’t swim.

　　9、It was a fearful disappointment to your mother that you didn’t come yesterday.

　　10、It happened that she wasn’t in that day.

　　11、It struck me that we ought to make a new plan.

　　12、It was rumored that he was suffering from a tone in the kidney.

　　13、It is estimated that 25 million school lunches are sold each day.

　　14、Where I spend my summer is none of your business .

　　15、It’s doubtful whether the payment is legal.

　　16、It was a question whether he should get married.

　　17、What the professor said is of great importance.

　　18、Whoever break the rules will be punished.

　　19、Who killed the scientist remains a question.

　　20、It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.

　　二．宾语从句

　　1、 We never doubt that he is honest.

　　2、 I can’t imagine what made him act like that.

　　3、 Nobody can tell when she will arrive.

　　4、 Before I came downstairs I had prepared myself very carefully for what I must say.

　　5、 You must give it back to whoever it belongs to.

　　6、 I’ve heard that you’ve won a scholarship.

　　7、 I feel it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly.

　　8、 We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.

　　9、 He told me that he was preparing for the English test.

　　10、Our teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound.

　　11、Can you tell me how I can get to the zoo?

　　12、The doctor insists that I give up smoking.

　　13、She remember nothing about him except that his hair is black.

　　14、I suggest that they shouldn’t drive along the coast.

　　15、Have you found out how wide the ditch was?

　　16、Tomorrow at this time we will know who is elected?

　　17、Everybody knows that money doesn’t grow on tree.

　　18、The villager didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until the fish in the river died.

　　19、She said that she would come to the meeting.

　　20、The book will tell you what the best CEO should do.

　　三．表语从句

　　1、The fact is that he didn’t notice the car until too late.

　　2、The mystery is whether he ever went there at all.

　　3、The question is why he likes the place so much.

　　4、The problem is not who will go but who will stay.

　　5、Your brother’s health is not what it used to be.

　　6、The question is whether they will b able to help us.

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英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别

英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别

　　英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言，但母语者数量是世界第三，仅次于汉语、西班牙语。下面小编为大家带来英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别，希望大家喜欢！

　　1. 名词作定语强调“类指”，而名词所有格则表示“特指”。如：

　　Please don’t put the dog’s food under the table. 请不要把狗食放在桌子下面。

　　Dog food costs as much as meal. 狗的食品和人的食品一样贵。

　　第一句中的dog’s food特指给某一条狗食用的，第二句中的dog food表类别，指供狗食用的食品，而并非只给某条狗食用。

　　2. 名词作定语表明实质，形容词作定语则起描述与限定作用。如：

　　silver coins 银币(silver表明本质，即指用银做的币)

　　silvery hair 银白的头发(silvery起描绘作用，为描绘性形容词)

　　a luxury hotel 豪华饭店(指官方为饭店定的级别很高，但让人的'感爱未必豪华)

　　a luxurious hotel 豪华的饭店(只是说其豪华，表明话者的感受，其级别未必很高)

　　3. 有时采用名词作定语，可能是因为没有相应的派生形容词，此时使直接用名词作定语，或与之构成合成词。如：

　　school gate 校门(名词school没有相应的形容词)

　　tomato sauce番茄汁(名词tomato没有相应的形容词)

　　4. 有时在汉语看来似乎要用形容词作定语，但英语*惯上却要用名词作定语。如：

　　science fiction 科幻小说 (不说 scientific fiction)

　　health situation 健康状况(不说healthy situation)

　　convenience food 方便食品(不说convenient food)

　　5.扩展资料：英语名词综合练*题

　　I. 判断下列名词是否可数名词,将其可数名词改为复数形式

　　1. brush 2. tomato 3.radio 4. roof 5. tooth 6. Japanese 7. meat 8. air 9. clothing 10.paper(纸)

　　答案：1. brushes 2. tomatoes 3. radios 4. roofs 5. teeth 6. Japanese 7.不可数名词 8..不可数名词9.不可数名词 10.不可数名词

　　II.指出下列划线名词的语法作用

　　1. The flowers are beautiful .

　　2. Both of them are lawyers .

　　3. We love our great motherland .

　　4. we made him our monitor of our class .

　　5. This is Miss Alice , our good friend .

　　6. They are college students .

　　7. Mother, please look after your children .

　　答案：1.主语 2.表语3. 宾语4.宾语补足语 5.同位语6.定语7.称呼语

　　III.用所给名词的正确形式填空

　　1. The students are making ______ for the coming examination . ( preparation)

　　2.He is making a study of fresh-water ______ ( fish ) .

　　3.Various ______ ( fruit ) are on sale now .

　　4.Some 260 ______ were presented at the meeting . ( paper )

　　5. Mary is a daughter of ________ . (Mr Brown)

　　6.In the old days , my father went to the _______ school . ( night )

　　7.Yesterday I called at ______ . ( Mary's sister ) .

　　8. You should do more _______ . Don't always sit at the desk busy doing your _______.

　　( exercise)

　　9.It's very cold there . ______ temperature can drop below freezing . ( Room )

　　10. Where are ______ shoes sold ? ( children )

　　答案：1. preparations2. fishes 3.fruits 4.papers 5. Mr Brown's 6. night 7.Mary sister's 8. exercises ,exercises 9.Room 10.children

　　IV. 单项选择

　　1．Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.

　　A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices

　　2. We’ve worked out the plan ,and now we must put it into _ .

　　A. fact B. practice C. reality D. deed

　　3. He dropped the _ and broke it .

　　A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup

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定语从句名词性从句

定语从句名词性从句

　　英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。名词性从句，是指性质相当于名次的从句，包括宾语从句、主语从句等。名词性从句是学*英语的难点也是考查的重点。下面小编带来定语从句名词性从句，欢迎收藏！

　　一、名词性从句用法详解

　　一、概说

　　名词性从句，即指性质相当于名词的从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从高考的考查的实际情况来看，名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句，其次是主语从句，再次是表语从句，而同位语从句则很少考查。

　　二、名词性从句的一般引导词

　　1.连接词 that 只起连接作用，没有任何意思，也不充当句子成分，在宾语从句中可省略，但引导其他名词性从句时通常不省略。如：

　　I hope (that) you enjoy your holiday. 希望你假期过得好。

　　That he likes you is very obvious. 很显然他喜欢你。

　　2.连接词 whether 也不充当句子成分，但有自己的意思，表示“是否”;引导宾语从句时，可换成 if，但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成 if。

　　He asked whether [if] I would show him the way. 他问我是否可以给他带路。

　　Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 是否对我们有害还要看一看。(引导主语从句，不能用 if 代替 whether)

　　3.连接代词 who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意义，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。如：

　　That’s why she wanted to leave. 这就是她想离开的原因。

　　When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。

　　Tell me which one you like best. 告诉我你最喜欢哪一个。

　　4.连接副词 when, where, why, how 等，也各自有自己的意义，在从句中作状语。如：

　　The question is how we should carry out the plan. 问题是怎样执行这个计划。

　　When she’ll be back depends much on the weather. 她什么时候回来在很大程度上要看天气。

　　Why he did it will remain a puzzle forever. 他为什么这样做将永远是一个谜。

　　二、作表语成分的名词性从句讲解

　　一、名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句， 例如：

　　1.The problem is how we can get the things we need.

　　问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)

　　2.The scissors are not what I need.

　　这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)

　　3.What I told him was that I would find him a good play.

　　我告诉他的'是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语， that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分， 不能省略)

　　4.That is what I want to tell you.

　　那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)

　　5.That is why she failed to pass the exam.

　　那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)

　　二、在表语从句中，“That is why...”是常用句型，意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”， 其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语，该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结，例如：

　　1. That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.

　　珍妮， 这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异， 说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后，用这一句来进行概括)。

　　2. That is why I came.

　　这就是我来的原因。

　　三、“That is why...”的形式相似结构有以下两种，

　　1. “That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义， 只不过从语法结构上讲， “That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句， 将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样， 例如：

　　That is (the reason) why I cannot agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。

　　2. “That isbecause...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语， 这也是个常用句型， 意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由， “That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果， 例如：

　　1）He did not see the film last night. That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework.

　　昨天晚上他没有去看电影， 那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果， 第二句话说明原因)

　　2）He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night.

　　他以前曾看过那部电影， 因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因， 第二句话说明结果)

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现在分词作定语从句

现在分词作定语从句

　　现在分词是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，现在分词在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分。下面是小编为大家整理的现在分词作定语从句，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

　　现在分词作定语从句

　　I.ing 形式作定语

　　1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.

　　2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.

　　II. ing 形式作状语

　　动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。

　　1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。

　　1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.

　　因为生病，她今天没上学去。

　　2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.

　　看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。

　　2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。

　　1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.

　　当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。

　　2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.

　　当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。

　　如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。

　　3).Be careful when crossing the street.

　　过街时小心。

　　3. 伴随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。

　　1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.

　　他坐在桌子旁看《*日报》。

　　2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.

　　他们又说又笑地走进房间。

　　4. 结果状语。

　　1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.

　　母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。

　　5. 条件状语。

　　Turning right, you will find the place you want.

　　往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。

　　III.现在分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。

　　1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.

　　从山顶望下去，我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。

　　但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。

　　2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.

　　由于许多人都缺*了，他们决定取消这次会议。

　　IV. 现在分词的否定形式。

　　现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing

　　完成式的否定式:not+ having done

　　Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.

　　由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。

　　V. 现在分词的.时态和语态的用法。

　　1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。

　　He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.

　　他走在街上，不时地向身后看看

　　2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用分词的完成式形式。

　　Having finished his work, Henry went home.

　　完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。

　　语法聚焦预*自测

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定语从句先行词是those

定语从句先行词是those

　　在定语从句中those为先行词时，关系词有指人指物的that，指物的which，指人的who。下面是小编整理的定语从句先行词是those相关内容，欢迎参考。

　　定语从句先行词是those

　　That(指物)和those(指人或物)可做定语从句的先行词,this和these不可做先行词,those做定语从句先行词时,当其指物关系词用that/which等,当其指人时,关系词用who等,具体示例如下：

　　He admired those who looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的人.(指人)

　　He admired those which looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的东西.(指物)

　　(错)He admired that who danced well.(that不能指人)

　　(对)He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人.(those可指人)

　　如何选择定语从句的引导词

　　一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处;

　　三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。

　　现将四句口诀分述如下：

　　“一看指人还是物”：指人时用who，whom;whose和that既可指人又可指物;which只能指物。that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中，作宾语的whom，which或that可省略。

　　【高考链接】

　　The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.

　　A. they B. where C. what D. that

　　答案：D。

　　解析：分析句子结构可知，空格处及后面部分为定语从句，先行词small houses为物，故用that引导定语从句，that在定语从句中作主语。

　　“二看介词在何处”：介词置于从句之首还是置于从句的其他地方，引导词的使用有区别。当介词置于从句之首时，若指人，介词之后只能用whom而不能用who和that;若指物，则只能用which而不能用that。

　　【经典例析】

　　试比较以下两句：

　　1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate?

　　2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate?

　　第一句中介词with置于定语从句之首，其后的whom不可以替换成who或that，也不能省略;第二句中的引导词whom作介词with的宾语，可替换为who或that，也可省略。

　　“三看句中作何用”：如何选用定语从句中的引导词，关键是要看引导词在从句中充当什么成分。若作主语，则在who，that或which之中选择;若作定语，则用whose;若作状语，则在when，where，why之中挑选。

　　【高考链接】

　　The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination.

　　A. that B. which

　　C. whose D. what

　　答案：C。

　　解析：whose引导定语从句，且在从句中作定语，修饰story;whose story相当于the story of whom。

　　“四看是否属特殊”：定语从句中引导词的使用还要注意一些特殊情况，如who与that均可指人，which和that均可指物，但这些引导词在具体的语言环境中有区别，不能换用。

　　【经典例析】

　　1. This is the first time that I’ve been to the museum, which I have been looking forward to for many years.

　　当先行词被序数词修饰时，引导词只能用that而不用which。

　　2. Those who are studying in our school can borrow five books at a time.

　　为避免重复，先行词为指人的that或those时，引导词用who而不用that。

　　3. Such magazines as you bought last time are well worth reading.

　　such ... as，the same ... as属于固定搭配。

　　最后，我们再用一则歌谣帮助大家巩固关系词在定语从句中的一般用法。

　　关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。

　　that可作主、宾用，指人指物它都行;

　　which 通常指物用，主语、宾语它也能;

　　who和whom指人用，分作主、宾要弄清;

　　whose一词它真行，修饰人、物都管用;

　　时间状语应用when，地点状语where行，

　　要问原因为什么，关系副词why最清;

　　as一词属特殊，常与such，the same连用，

　　修饰全句或部分，常常用作主或宾。

　　一、those who型

　　当代词 those 后接定语从句时，定语从句通常用关系代词who来引导。如：

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定语从句where的先行词

定语从句where的先行词

　　非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，也不会影响全句的理解，译为汉语时常常不译作定语，而根据句意翻译为相应的其他形式的从句。下面小编带来的定语从句where的先行词。

　　一、where定语从句修饰抽象名词point

　　You reach a point wheremedicine can’t help.你已到了药物无法治疗的地步。

　　The crisis has reached a point wherethe receiver will have to be called in.危机已达到非把破产管理人叫来不可的地步。

　　We have reached a point wherea change is needed.我们到了必须改一改的地步。

　　注:有时point也可以是具体的地点:

　　Let the point whereAB cuts CD be called E.设AB线与CD线的相交点为E。

　　The accident happened at the point wherethe A15 joins the M1.事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。

　　二、where定语从句修饰抽象名词case

　　There are cases wherethe word“mighty”is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。

　　Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases wherebeginners of English fail to use the language properly.今天，我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题。

　　三、where定语从句修饰抽象名词activity

　　Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity wheresight * more than hearing.那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们认为，舞蹈是一种让人看胜过让人听的活动。

　　四、where定语从句修饰抽象名词situation

　　He got into a situation whereit is hard to decide what is right and wrong.他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。

　　If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation whereyou might lose it.你如果拿重要的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种可能会失去它的危险境地。

　　五、where定语从句修饰抽象名词position

　　It’s put me in a position whereI can’t afford to take the job.这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地。

　　六、where定语从句修饰抽象名词job

　　She wants a job whereher management skills can be put to good use.她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。

　　I don’t want a job whereI’m chained to a desk all day.我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。

　　【模拟训练】

　　01. We’re just trying to reach a point _______ both sides will sitdown together and talk.

　　A. where B. that C. when D. which

　　02. She had got to the point ______ she felt that she could nottake any more.

　　A. what B. when C. where D. which

　　03. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches thepoint ______ he can walk correctly and safely.

　　A. when B. where C. which D. that

　　04. It was so confusing that eventually it got to the point ______no one knew what was going on.

　　A. when B. that C. which D. where

　　05. I don’t want a job ______ I’m chained to a desk for eighthours a day.

　　A. which B. where C. what D. when

　　2/9页

　　06. Drink-driving is one case ______ severe punishment seemsto work as a deterrent.

　　A. that B. which C. when D. where

　　07.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced toreaders_______consumer complains have resulted in changes in thelaw.(2008江西)

　　A. where B. when C. who D. { A此题是由where引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为cases，此句意思是“在这一章节，消费者的抱怨产生的法律上的变化的这一案例及情况将被介绍给读者”。}

　　【参考答案】01—06 ACBDBD

　　1.—Where did you get to know her?

　　—It was on the farm ___D___ we worked. (山东卷)

　　A. that B. there C. which D. where

　　2. Some pre-school children go to a day-care center, ___D___they learn simple games and songs. (全国I)

　　A. then B. there C. while D. where

　　3. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity___D___ sight * more than hearing. (天津卷)

　　A. when B. whose C. which D. where

　　4. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ___D___ beginners of

　　English fail to use the language properly. (陕西卷)

　　A. which B. as C. why D. where

　　5. After graduation she reached a point in her career ___D___

　　she had to decide what to do. (江西卷)

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定语从句的介词前置

定语从句的介词前置

　　在非限制性定语从句中，一般是介词+which的用法。介词，一般是根据固定搭配，come from，常见from+which。有时也根据句子的意义来判断，这个比较难。定语从句的介词前置用法大家掌握了吗？以下是小编精心准备的定语从句知识，大家可以参考以下是内容哦！

　　一、定语从句介词为何前置

　　*惯用法,放在前面为了强调对象,放在后面显得累赘!

　　例子：He is the professor to whom（不可以用who）I was talking then.

　　他就是在那时和我说话的教授.

　　也可以说：He is the professor who I was talking to then.

　　注意,有些情况介词不能够前置,比如固定搭配,不可拆散

　　例子：He is the professor who I was looking for.

　　此时for就不能前置

　　二、介词＋which／whom的定语从句用法

　　1.语法作用：“介词＋关系代词”在从句中主要起关系副词的作用，即在定语从句中充当状语：

　　（1）表示地点，时间和原因的“介词＋which”分别相当于where，when，why。

　　I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned.（SEFC 2A L. 55）（＝I have found the book. The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it.）

　　The earth on which／where we live is a planet.

　　I”ll never forget the day on which／when I joined the League.

　　I know a wood in which／where you can find roses.

　　Is there any reason for which／why you should have a holiday？

　　（2）way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。

　　I really don”t like the way that he talks.

　　That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.

　　Do it the way I showed you.

　　2. “of＋which”起形容词的作用，相当于whose（用来指物），其词序通常是“n.＋of which”。

　　They live in a house whose door／the door of which opens to the south.

　　He”s written a book whose name／the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.

　　3.可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

　　There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed.（SEFC 2A L. 55）

　　We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease.（SEFC 2A L. 55）

　　4.介词的选择（选择介词时须考虑下列情况）

　　（1）介词与先行词的*惯搭配

　　There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.（SEFC 2A L. 55）（in与way是*惯搭配）

　　（2）介词与定语从句中的动词，形容词的`*惯搭配

　　These are the wires with which different machines are connected.（be connected with是*惯搭配）

　　The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny.（be familiar with是*惯搭配）

　　（3）同形的先行词，或定语从句中的动词，形容词表示不同的含义时，要根据其含义选用不同的介词。

　　I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.

　　That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.

　　age在前句中意为“年岁”，与at搭配；在后句中意为“时期”，与in搭配。

　　（4）复杂介词须保持其完整形式，常见的复杂介词有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。

　　We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres.（SEFC 2A L. 55）

　　Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.

　　They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.

　　（5）短语动词中的介词不可与动词分开提至关系代词前。常见的短语动词有listen to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此时可用which，who，whom或that，也可将他们省略。

　　（误）This is the girl of whom he will take care.

　　（正）This is the girl whom he will take careof.

　　（6）当介词与定语从句中的动词或形容词联系紧密（但不是短语动词）时，介词也可放在动词或形容词的后面。但当介词与从句中的动词或形容词联系不紧密时，则需将介词置于关系代词前。比较：

　　The space station which we drove to was in the desert.（SEFC 2A L. 55）

　　I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.

　　后句中的in若置于句尾则有“孤零零”之感，这时宜将介词置于关系代词前；而前句中的to则可后置。

　　5.关系代词的选择

　　用于介词后的关系代词只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。

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定语从句where先行词的用法

定语从句where先行词的用法

　　定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），是指一类由关系词（英语：relative word）引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句。下面是小编为大家收集的定语从句where先行词的用法，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。

　　定语从句讲解：where的用法

　　关系副词where主要用于修饰表地点的名词，同时它在定语从句中用作地点状语。如：

　　This is the village where he was born. 这就是他出生的村子。

　　That’s the hotel where we were staying last summer. 这就是我们去年夏天住的旅馆。

　　Barbary was working in Aubury, where she went daily in a bus.巴巴拉在奥伯里工作，每天得坐公共汽车去上班。

　　与前面when的情况一样，注意不要一见到先行词为地点名词，就以为一定要用关系副词where来引导定语从句，同时还要看它在定语从句中充当什么成分——如果在定语从句中用作地点状语，就用where;如果在定语从句中不是用作地点状语，而是用作主语或宾语，那就不能用where，而要用that, which等。如：

　　He works in a factory that [which] makes TV sets. 他在一家电视机厂工作。

　　【拓展延伸】

　　定语从句的定义：

　　被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

　　关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的'先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1)who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that you want to see?

　　他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)[1] He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3)which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语)

　　The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语)

　　关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1)when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例 如：

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

　　2)that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从 句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

　　He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住过的地方。

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介词后面定语从句

介词后面定语从句

　　英语最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编为大家整理的介词后面定语从句，欢迎阅读与收藏。

　　1.由“介词+关系代词”

　　引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如：This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是这个人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是这个人。

　　2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who：

　　介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who，或者省略不同。如：这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that，也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的`问题。(which可以换成that，也可以省略)

　　3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。

　　如： That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。

　　4. 在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。

　　如：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注：这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放在句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.

　　练*题目：

　　1.I know the boy ____________ you gave the book____________.

　　A.whom；to B.which；to C.to whom；to D.that；to him

　　2.Harbin is the very place ____________ I’m anxious to pay a visit.

　　A.that B.which C.on which D.to which

　　3.Have you been to Hangzhou____________ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country？

　　A.whose B.which C.that D.where

　　4.I know the student ____________ you borrowed the pen.

　　A.that B.from whom C.from which D.whom

　　5.Here are players from Japan，____________ are our old friends.

　　A.that B.where C.they D.who

　　6.They arrived at the farmhouse in front of ____________ sat a small boy.

　　A.the place B.it C.which D.that

　　7.That is the day ____________ I’ll never forget.

　　A./ B.on which C.in which D.when

　　8.The letter is from my sister，____________ is working in Beijing.

　　A.which B.that C.who D.she

　　9.I bought a book，____________ I can’t remember now.

　　A.its title B.whose title C.the title of it D.the title of that

　　10.I want to use the same dictionary ____________ was used yesterday.

　　A.which B.what C.like D.as

　　11.He is good at English，____________ we all know.

　　A.that B.as C.this D.what

　　12.I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.

　　A.when B.on which C.which D.in which

　　13.This is the best film ____________ I have ever seen.

　　A.that B.which C.now that D.if

　　14.He is the only one of the students ____________ from Shanghai.

　　A.who is B.who are C.they are D.that come

　　15.Mr Scott is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China.

　　A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working

　　16.I，who ____________ in America，feel proud of being a Chinese.

　　A.is B./ C.am D.being

　　17.He’ll never forget the people and the place ________ she visited in Beijing last year.

　　A.that B.which C.whom D.where

　　18.Do you know the reason ____________ he was late？

　　A.for what B.which C.for which D.that

　　1~5 ADABD 6~10 CACBD 11~18 BCAAC CAC

　　用关系代词填空.(答案可能不唯一)（that, which, who, whom, whose）

　　1. These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.

　　2. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.

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定语从句关系副词讲解

定语从句关系副词讲解

　　定语从句，是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语，所以曾被称为定语从句，这类从句除了可以做定语之外，还可以充当状语等其他成分，所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。在英语中，定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。下面是小编为大家整理的定语从句关系副词讲解作文，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。

　　定语从句关系副词讲解：

　　when的用法

　　关系副词when在定语从句中用作状语，表示时间，用以修饰表示时间的先行词；在许多情况下可以理解为“介词+which”的意思(which的意思与先行词所表示的意思等价)，其中的“介词”通常应根据先行词的含与搭配来确定。如：

　　1988 was the year when he was born. 1988是他的出生年。

　　句中的when he was born为修饰the year的定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于in which。表示在某一年，英语*惯上用介词in，如in 1988, in 2008等，所以此处用in which。

　　I’ll never forget the day when I first met you. 我永远不会忘记第一次见你的那天。

　　句中的when I first met you为修饰the day的.定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于on which。表示在某一天，英语*惯上用介词on，如on that day, on Friday等，所以此处用on which。

　　Don’t forget the time when the wedding will start. 不要忘记婚礼开始的时间。

　　句中的when the wedding will start为修饰the time的定语从句，关系副词when在此相当于at which。表示在某一时刻，英语*惯上用介词at，如at that time, at the moment等，所以此处用at which。

　　where的用法

　　关系副词where在定语从句中也是用作状语，表示地点，用以修饰表示地点的先行词；在许多情况下也可以理解为“介词+which”的意思(which的意思与先行词所表示的意思等价)，其中的“介词”通常应根据先行词的含与搭配来确定。如：

　　What is the name of the town where you live? 你住的那个城市叫什么名字?

　　句中的where you live为修饰the town的定语从句，关系副词where在此相当于in which。表示住在某城市，英语*惯上说 live in a city，所以此处用 in which。

　　This cross marks the spot where she died. 这个十字符号标明她死去的地点。

　　句中的 where she died 为修饰 the spot 的定语从句，关系副词 where 在此相当于 at which。表示在某一地点，英语*惯上说 at a spot，所以此处用 at which。

　　why的用法

　　关系副词why在定语从句中也是用作状语，表示原因；why引导定语从句时，其先行词只有一个，那就是the reason；在许多情况下why也可以理解为for which。如：

　　These are the reasons why we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。

　　句中的why we do it为修饰the reason的定语从句，关系副词why在此相当于for which。

　　Do you know the reason why she doesn’t like me? 你知道她不喜欢我的原因吗?

　　句中的why she doesn’t like me为修饰the reason的定语从句，关系副词why在此相当于for which。

　　why是一个比较特殊的关系副词，它引导定语从句时，除可换成for which外，有时也可换成that，甚至省略。如：

　　他失去工作的主要原因是他喝酒。

　　正：The main reason why he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason for which he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason that he lost his job was that he drank.

　　正：The main reason he lost his job was that he drank.

　　定语从句关系副词考点整理：

　　关系副词有when, where, why三个，在定语从句中一般作状语；how不能作关系副词。

　　考点1.关系副词在定语从句中常作状语

　　1.【2015陕西】As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time______he should be able to be independent.A.whichB.whereC.whomD.when

　　2.【2009重庆】Life is like a long race ______ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. whyB. whatC. thatD. where

　　3.【2012浙江】Welive in an age______more information is available with great ease than ever before.A. whyB. whenC. to whomD. on which

　　4.【2013四川】Nowadays people are more concerned about theenvironment______they live.A. whatB. whichC. whenD. where

　　考点2.the way作先行词

　　首先要确定the way在定语从句中作什么成分。如果the way在定语从句中作主语或宾语，要选用关系代词。

　　①I don’t like the way ______ will cost too much money.

　　②The way ______ he thought of to solve the problem was not practical.

　　在句①中，the way在定语从句中作主语，因此要填关系代词that/which。在句②中，the way在定语从句中作宾语，因此也要用关系代词：that/which/省略。

　　如果the way在定语从句中作状语(定语从句还原后是in the way)，关系词用下面三种情况的任一种：in which；that；省略。

　　The way ______ he answered the question was surprising.A. howB. thatC. in whichD./ E. B/C/D

　　定语从句恢复为完整的一句话后为：He answered the question in the way.in the way在定语从句中作状语，因此选E。

　　5.That is not the way ______ I do it.A./B. whichC. for whichD. with which

　　6.This is the only way______you can find.A. thatB./C. in which D. A, B and CE. A and B

　　7.I don’t like the way______he spoke to his mother.A. thatB./C. in whichD. A, B and C

　　考点3.situation, case, point, business等作先行词，关系副词常用where

　　8.【2009浙江】I have reached a point in my life______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.A.whichB.whereC.howD.why

　　9.【2003上海】I can think of many cases______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A. whyB. whichC. asD. where

　　10.【2008江西】Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers______consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. whereB. whenC. whoD. which

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