形容词作定语的句子

现在分词作定语从句

现在分词作定语从句

　　现在分词是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，现在分词在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分。下面是小编为大家整理的现在分词作定语从句，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

　　现在分词作定语从句

　　I.ing 形式作定语

　　1. 现在分词作前置定语时，在逻辑上与所修饰的名词之间为主谓关系，也可改成定语从句；如果与所修饰的名词之间没有主谓关系，定语相当于一个介词for引导的短语。现在分词位于所修饰的名词之后做后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。如：a listening child= a child who is listening, a walking stick= a stick for walking.

　　2. 现在分词作定语往往表示“令人”，主动的或正在进行的动作。如：a moving film, a developing country.

　　II. ing 形式作状语

　　动词-ing形式在句子中做状语，表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或者几乎同时发生的，经常可以做时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步状语从句。句子的主语必须是状语的逻辑主语；而且主语与作状语的分词之间呈逻辑上的主谓关系。

　　1.原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。

　　1).Being ill, she didn’t go to school today.

　　因为生病，她今天没上学去。

　　2). Seeing no one at home, I decided to come again.

　　看见没有人在家，我决定再来一趟。

　　2. 时间状语，相当于when, while等引导的从句。

　　1).Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy.

　　当听到这个好消息时，他高兴地跳了起来。

　　2).Walking in the street, I saw a friend of mine.

　　当我走在街上时，我看到了我的朋友。

　　如果分词短语表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在分词短语前加上when或while。

　　3).Be careful when crossing the street.

　　过街时小心。

　　3. 伴随状语，与谓语所表示的动作同时发生。

　　1).He sat at the table reading China Daily.

　　他坐在桌子旁看《*日报》。

　　2).Talking and smiling, they went into the room.

　　他们又说又笑地走进房间。

　　4. 结果状语。

　　1).The mother died, leaving a lot of money for her children.

　　母亲去世了，给她的孩子留下了一大笔钱。

　　5. 条件状语。

　　Turning right, you will find the place you want.

　　往右转弯，你就会找到你要找的地方了。

　　III.现在分词短语作状语时，它的逻辑主语一般须与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。

　　1).Seeing from the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school.

　　从山顶望下去，我们就能看到我们美丽的学校。

　　但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，独立主语=逻辑主语+现在分词表示伴随，时间、原因，条件。

　　2).Many people being absent, they decided to put the meeting off.

　　由于许多人都缺*了，他们决定取消这次会议。

　　IV. 现在分词的否定形式。

　　现在分词的否定式:not+ v.ing

　　完成式的否定式:not+ having done

　　Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal.

　　由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。

　　V. 现在分词的.时态和语态的用法。

　　1). 分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行时，则用分词的一般式形式。

　　He walked on the street, seeing back from time to time.

　　他走在街上，不时地向身后看看

　　2). 如果分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词发生，则用分词的完成式形式。

　　Having finished his work, Henry went home.

　　完成了他的工作后，亨利回家了。

　　语法聚焦预*自测

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过去分词作定语从句语法

过去分词作定语从句语法

　　过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式，表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当表语、定语等成份。下面是小编整理的过去分词作定语从句语法相关内容。

　　一、过去分词作定语

　　过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。

　　1、前置定语

　　单个的过去分词作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动和完成意义。

　　A类：被动意义：

　　an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人

　　The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.

　　受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。

　　B类：完成意义：

　　a retired teacher 一位退休的教师

　　They are cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard.

　　他们正在打扫院子里的落叶。

　　2、后置定语

　　过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。如：

　　This will be the best novel of its kind ever written （=that has ever been written）。

　　这将是这类小说中写得最好的。

　　Who were the so-called guests invited （=who had been invited） to your party last night？

　　昨晚被邀请参加你的晚会的那些所谓的'客人是谁呀？

　　二、过去分词作表语

　　作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词，在主-系-表句型中，说明主语所处的一种状态。其中系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。如：

　　You seem frightened.

　　你看样子受了惊吓。

　　少数不及物动词（如go， come， set）的过去分词也能作表语，但它们不表示被动意义，只是表示动作完成。如：

　　They are gone for vacation.

　　他们度假去了。

　　注意：要区别“系动词+过去分词（系表结构）” 和 “系动词+过去分词（被动语态）”。如：

　　A. The library is now closed.

　　图书馆现在关门了。

　　B. The library is closed at six.

　　图书馆经常在六点钟关门。

　　说明：作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态，强调主谓关系。这种结构中的过去分词前可加上quite， very， rather等修饰词。系动词可有多种，表示不同的意义；被动语态表示动作，强调动宾关系，绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。因此，我们不难看出在上面两句中，A句是系表结构，B句是被动语态。

　　从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

　　1. Most of the artists _____ to the party were from South Africa. （MET 1990）

　　A. invited B. to invite

　　C. being invited D. had been invited

　　2. The com*r center， _____last year， is very popular among the students in this school. （NMET 1993）

　　A. open B. opening

　　C. having opened D. opened

　　3. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.（NMET 1998）

　　A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay

　　4.—How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers？

　　—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers. （北京2002）

　　A. to solving； making

　　B. to solving； made

　　C. to solve； making

　　D. to solve； made

　　5. Don’t use words， expressions， or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.

　　（上海2002）

　　A. being known B. having been known

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英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别

英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别

　　英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言，但母语者数量是世界第三，仅次于汉语、西班牙语。下面小编为大家带来英语名词作定语与形容词作定语的区别，希望大家喜欢！

　　1. 名词作定语强调“类指”，而名词所有格则表示“特指”。如：

　　Please don’t put the dog’s food under the table. 请不要把狗食放在桌子下面。

　　Dog food costs as much as meal. 狗的食品和人的食品一样贵。

　　第一句中的dog’s food特指给某一条狗食用的，第二句中的dog food表类别，指供狗食用的食品，而并非只给某条狗食用。

　　2. 名词作定语表明实质，形容词作定语则起描述与限定作用。如：

　　silver coins 银币(silver表明本质，即指用银做的币)

　　silvery hair 银白的头发(silvery起描绘作用，为描绘性形容词)

　　a luxury hotel 豪华饭店(指官方为饭店定的级别很高，但让人的'感爱未必豪华)

　　a luxurious hotel 豪华的饭店(只是说其豪华，表明话者的感受，其级别未必很高)

　　3. 有时采用名词作定语，可能是因为没有相应的派生形容词，此时使直接用名词作定语，或与之构成合成词。如：

　　school gate 校门(名词school没有相应的形容词)

　　tomato sauce番茄汁(名词tomato没有相应的形容词)

　　4. 有时在汉语看来似乎要用形容词作定语，但英语*惯上却要用名词作定语。如：

　　science fiction 科幻小说 (不说 scientific fiction)

　　health situation 健康状况(不说healthy situation)

　　convenience food 方便食品(不说convenient food)

　　5.扩展资料：英语名词综合练*题

　　I. 判断下列名词是否可数名词,将其可数名词改为复数形式

　　1. brush 2. tomato 3.radio 4. roof 5. tooth 6. Japanese 7. meat 8. air 9. clothing 10.paper(纸)

　　答案：1. brushes 2. tomatoes 3. radios 4. roofs 5. teeth 6. Japanese 7.不可数名词 8..不可数名词9.不可数名词 10.不可数名词

　　II.指出下列划线名词的语法作用

　　1. The flowers are beautiful .

　　2. Both of them are lawyers .

　　3. We love our great motherland .

　　4. we made him our monitor of our class .

　　5. This is Miss Alice , our good friend .

　　6. They are college students .

　　7. Mother, please look after your children .

　　答案：1.主语 2.表语3. 宾语4.宾语补足语 5.同位语6.定语7.称呼语

　　III.用所给名词的正确形式填空

　　1. The students are making ______ for the coming examination . ( preparation)

　　2.He is making a study of fresh-water ______ ( fish ) .

　　3.Various ______ ( fruit ) are on sale now .

　　4.Some 260 ______ were presented at the meeting . ( paper )

　　5. Mary is a daughter of ________ . (Mr Brown)

　　6.In the old days , my father went to the _______ school . ( night )

　　7.Yesterday I called at ______ . ( Mary's sister ) .

　　8. You should do more _______ . Don't always sit at the desk busy doing your _______.

　　( exercise)

　　9.It's very cold there . ______ temperature can drop below freezing . ( Room )

　　10. Where are ______ shoes sold ? ( children )

　　答案：1. preparations2. fishes 3.fruits 4.papers 5. Mr Brown's 6. night 7.Mary sister's 8. exercises ,exercises 9.Room 10.children

　　IV. 单项选择

　　1．Father went to his doctor for _ about his heart trouble.

　　A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices

　　2. We’ve worked out the plan ,and now we must put it into _ .

　　A. fact B. practice C. reality D. deed

　　3. He dropped the _ and broke it .

　　A. cup of coffee B. coffee’s cup C. cup for coffee D. coffee cup

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when定语从句先行词

when定语从句先行词

　　when定语从句先行词是怎么样的呢？我们不妨一起来参考下范文吧！希望对您有所帮助！以下是小编为您搜集整理提供到的when定语从句先行词内容，希望对您有所帮助！欢迎阅读参考学*！

　　when定语从句先行词

　　when作为定语从句的引导词时，表示时间，在从句中充当时间状语，后面需要加上完整的陈述语序。

　　句式如下：

　　表示时间的名词+when+完整陈述句+句子其它成分。

　　when引导的定语从句可以放在主语，宾语或者表语，甚至为名词的宾补之后。

　　例：

　　The nightwhen we took a stroll in the parkwas so cold.

　　咱们在公园散步的那个晚上好冷。

　　night 做主语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park 修饰。

　　I remember the nightwhen we took a stroll in the park.

　　我记得那个咱们一起在公园散步的夜晚。

　　night变成了宾语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　　What I can never forget is the nightwhen we took a stroll in the park.

　　我永不能忘记的是咱们一起在公园散步的那个夜晚。

　　night变成了表语，被定语从句when we took a stroll in the park修饰。

　　以上三组例句中，when后面所接的都是完整句，并且when 后的从句时态和主句一致。前提是when充当的从句的时间状语，相当于是at the night.

　　所以，以上三句，可以把when都改成at which。

　　写作必备when引导定语从句句式：

　　There was a time when...... 曾经...

　　There was a time when people were never bothered by pollution.

　　曾经人们不用为污染烦忧。

　　We all experience a day when......我们都经历过...

　　We all experience a day when everything goes wrong.

　　我们都经历过事事不顺心的一天。

　　we can never ignore the time when......我们绝不能忽视...

　　We can never ignore the time when com*rs penetrate our life and study.

　　我们不能忽视这个电脑渗透进我们的生活和学*的年代。

　　when引导定语从句（包括限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句）修饰表示时间的`先行词， 在定语从句中充当时间状语。例如： I still remember the day when I first met Jennifer.我仍然记得第一次见到詹妮弗的那一天。// Next month, when you’ll spend your summer holidays in your hometown, is approaching. 下个月即将来临， 届时你们将在家乡度暑假。

　　when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时,它只能作定语从句的时间状语,放在定语从句句首.如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语,则要改用关系代词that或which来引导.例如：

　　The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了.

　　I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.) 我永远不会忘记我出生的日子.

　　It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月.

　　In the years that (which) followed,Marx kept on studying English and using it.在这之后的几年中,马克思继续学*和使用英语.(that作定语从句"that followed"的主语)

　　The day (that) I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日.(that作定语从句"that I always remember in all my life"的宾语,that可以省略)

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定语从句先行词例子

定语从句先行词例子

　　定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词.引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。以下是小编为大家整理的定语从句先行词例子，希望能帮到大家！

　　定语从句例子先行词

　　1.The Chinese knots ,which I made by myself with red silk thread and other material, look really beautiful in the shape of diamond.（2013年广西卷.

　　2. I will organize some campus activities, like “English Evening”, a platform where students can show their English（2013年天津卷.

　　3.I read the announcement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. (2012全国卷)

　　4. In the English corner, I meet many friends, who share the same interest with me. (2012·全国卷Ⅱ)

　　5. My physics teacher is my role model, whose influence on me had a lot to do with my decision.（2012安徽卷.

　　6. To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life.（2012江苏.

　　7. As we know, books are the source of knowledge. (2012·湖北)

　　8. Dear friends , please actively take part in after-class activities , which will not only make your school life colorful , but also improve your learning.（2011四川卷.

　　9. I have taken with me the two books (that) you asked me to return to the City Library. (2009全国I)

　　10.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they sup* us fresh air.

　　11. I always miss the days when we were on the summer camp last year.

　　12. It's time to recall those beautiful days we spend together.（2007年湖南卷.

　　定语从句特定选择

　　关系词

　　1、只用that不用which

　　1.当先行词是序数词或被序数词、最高级，关系词用that。

　　2.当先行词既有人又有物时，用that。

　　3.当先行词带有the only,the very,the same,the last,the one等词时，用that。

　　4.当主句中有who或which时，为避免重复用that。

　　5.当先行词为something，anything，nothing，none，no，little，much，all等不定代词时用that。

　　2、只用who不用that

　　1.如果先行词是those,they,all,persons,people,he,anyone,one时用who

　　2.当先行词指人并含有较长的后置定语从句或在被分割的定语从句中时。

　　3、只用which不用that

　　1.当主句先行词后有介词时，用which。例：This is the one of which I'm speaking。

　　2.非限定性定语从句，用which。

　　3) 描述句中一般用which。例：Beijing，which was China's capital for more than 800years。

　　4.those +复数名词之后，多用which .例：Shopkeeper want to keep a number of those goods which sell best。

　　5.先行词本身是that时，用which。

　　定语从句误区提醒

　　1.当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时，要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词，反之用关系代词。

　　典型例题：I can never forget the day xxxxxxx we worked together and the day xxxxxx we spent together.

　　A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when

　　答案：A

　　解析：两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的`关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.

　　2.当主语为物时，不能用what

　　3.there be句型中，指人用who指物用that。

　　4.当主句中缺少主语或表语时，用the one。

　　5.当出现先行词+介词时，关系词只能用whom或which

　　6.当出现先行词+介词时，注意判断介词与从句谓语是否有关系，以确定为定语从句

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定语从句不定代词

定语从句不定代词

　　不定代词，即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。下面是小编整理的定语从句不定代词，欢迎大家阅读参考，希望帮助到大家。

　　定语从句不定代词用法

　　1、先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰.

　　This is the most interesting book that l have ever read.

　　2、先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰.

　　The second foreign country that l expect to visit is Greek.

　　3、先行词是不定代词时,如"all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something"

　　This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy.

　　4.、先行词既有人又有物时

　　Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?

　　5、先行词被“only”、“the every”、“no”、“one of”等修饰

　　He is the only person that l want to talk to.

　　6、在以“which”、“who”、“whom” 引起的问句中,为避免重复,常用"that"

　　Who is the man that is standing there?Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?

　　7、“there be”句型中

　　8、先行词在主句中作表语,或者关系代词本身作从句的表语时宜用“that”

　　“that”在作宾语时可省略.

　　关系代词的用法注意事项

　　(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

　　This is the house in which we lived last year.

　　这是我们去年居住的房子。

　　Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

　　(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的.位置上。例如：

　　This is the person whom you are looking for.

　　这就是你要找的那个人。

　　(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

　　The city that she lives in is very far away.

　　她居住的城市非常远。

　　(4)关系词只能用that的情况：

　　a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　He was the first person that passed the exam.

　　他是第一个通过考试的人。

　　b. 被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词指物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?

　　你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

　　c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

　　This is the same bike that I lost.

　　这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

　　d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

　　I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

　　我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

　　e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

　　Who is the girl that is crying?

　　正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

　　f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which，例如：

　　There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

　　桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

　　(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

　　a. 先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

　　What’s that which is under the desk?

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介词后面定语从句

介词后面定语从句

　　英语最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。下面是小编为大家整理的介词后面定语从句，欢迎阅读与收藏。

　　1.由“介词+关系代词”

　　引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。如：This is the man to whom I referred. 我指的就是这个人。This is the man (whom) I referred to. 我指的就是这个人。

　　2. 直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who：

　　介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which, whom也可换成that, who，或者省略不同。如：这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.(which不能换成that，也不能省略)This is a subject which we have talked about a lot. 这是一个我们讨论了许多的`问题。(which可以换成that，也可以省略)

　　3. 关系副词when, where, why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。

　　如： That is the day when [=on which] he was born. 那就是他出生的日子。That is the house where [=in which] he lived. 那就是他住过的房子。That is the reason why [=for which] he must apologize. 那就是他必须道歉的原因。

　　4. 在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。

　　如：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。正：There the children had a garden in which to play. (很正式)正：There the children had a garden in which they could play. (较正式)正：There the children had a garden to play in. (较口语化)注：这类“介词+关系代词++不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放在句末。如不能说There the children had a garden which to play in.

　　练*题目：

　　1.I know the boy ____________ you gave the book____________.

　　A.whom；to B.which；to C.to whom；to D.that；to him

　　2.Harbin is the very place ____________ I’m anxious to pay a visit.

　　A.that B.which C.on which D.to which

　　3.Have you been to Hangzhou____________ West Lake is the most beautiful in our country？

　　A.whose B.which C.that D.where

　　4.I know the student ____________ you borrowed the pen.

　　A.that B.from whom C.from which D.whom

　　5.Here are players from Japan，____________ are our old friends.

　　A.that B.where C.they D.who

　　6.They arrived at the farmhouse in front of ____________ sat a small boy.

　　A.the place B.it C.which D.that

　　7.That is the day ____________ I’ll never forget.

　　A./ B.on which C.in which D.when

　　8.The letter is from my sister，____________ is working in Beijing.

　　A.which B.that C.who D.she

　　9.I bought a book，____________ I can’t remember now.

　　A.its title B.whose title C.the title of it D.the title of that

　　10.I want to use the same dictionary ____________ was used yesterday.

　　A.which B.what C.like D.as

　　11.He is good at English，____________ we all know.

　　A.that B.as C.this D.what

　　12.I’ll never forget the days ________ we spent together in the countryside.

　　A.when B.on which C.which D.in which

　　13.This is the best film ____________ I have ever seen.

　　A.that B.which C.now that D.if

　　14.He is the only one of the students ____________ from Shanghai.

　　A.who is B.who are C.they are D.that come

　　15.Mr Scott is one of the foreign experts who ____________ in China.

　　A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working

　　16.I，who ____________ in America，feel proud of being a Chinese.

　　A.is B./ C.am D.being

　　17.He’ll never forget the people and the place ________ she visited in Beijing last year.

　　A.that B.which C.whom D.where

　　18.Do you know the reason ____________ he was late？

　　A.for what B.which C.for which D.that

　　1~5 ADABD 6~10 CACBD 11~18 BCAAC CAC

　　用关系代词填空.(答案可能不唯一)（that, which, who, whom, whose）

　　1. These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.

　　2. The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.

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定语后置与定语从句

定语后置与定语从句

　　定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。 主要有形容词、名词，此外还有代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式（短语）、分词、定语从句等相当于形容词的词、短语或句子都可以作定语。以下是小编为您搜集整理提供到的定语后置与定语从句内容，希望对您有所帮助！

　　定语后置与定语从句

　　一.介词短语作后置定语，如the bird in the tree(树上的小鸟)，the standard of living(生活水*)，the way to the hotel(去旅馆的路)，the life in the future(未来的生活)。

　　二.不定式短语作后置定语，用来修饰限定其前的名词或名词性短语。分为以下三类：

　　1. 在某些名词结构中可用动词不定式作后置定语。

　　I have a lot of homework to do.

　　He is the first to finish the task.

　　There are a lot of things to do.

　　2. 在某些抽象名词后可用动词不定式作后置定语，具体说明抽象名词的内容。常见名词有ability, anxiety, attempt, decision, chance, courage, right, determination, promise, ambition, effort, drive, eagerness, failure, inclination, intention, movement, need, opportunity, plan, reason, struggle, time, way, wish等。例句：

　　He has the ability to do the work.

　　I don’t have the courage to tell you the secret.

　　3. 动词不定式有时可替代一个定语从句，与其前修饰的名词是主动关系，在时态上含有将来的含义。例如：

　　Perhaps in the years to come(=that will come),we will meet again.

　　In the lectures to follow(=that will follow), she talked about her trip to China.

　　三、分词短语作后置定语。这时一般可以改写为定语从句，现在分词作后置定语与修饰的名词是主动关系,过去分词作后置定语与修饰的名词是被动关系。例如,

　　S1:There is a lady waiting for you.=There is a lady who waits for you.

　　S2：What is the language spoken in China?=What is the language which is spoken in China?

　　S1中，lady和wait之间是主动关系，S2中，language与spoken之间是被动关系。

　　我们在写作时，为了让句子结构更为高级，或是达到句式多样的目的，常用分词短语作后置定语来代替定语从句。如在2012年的`考研英语作文中，我们在描图表示两个人对同样的半瓶水表现出不同的态度时，可以说：As is shown in the picture, there is a contrast between two men facing the same problem with half a bottle of water. 在这个英语句子中，我们用现在分词短语作men的后置定语，相当于定语从句who face the same problem with half a bottle of water. 再如，在表达一个人眉头紧缩，因为水撒了发出叹息，可以说：The one frowning in anxiety is sighing because the water is spoilt out of the bottle。此句中，现在分词短语作one的后置定语，相当于从句who frowns in anxiety。用现在分词短语代替从句可以使句式更简短，句型也更为高级，更加丰富，同时也显示出考生深厚的语*底。

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定语从句中的介词提前

定语从句中的介词提前

　　语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中，因此，能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。以下是小编收集整理的定语从句中的介词提前，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

　　介词提前的定语从句

　　1 关系代词which， whom在定语从句中作介词的宾语时， 从句可有：介词+ whichwhom 引出。如：

　　1） Great changes are taking place in the city which they live in .

　　Great changes are taking place in the city they live.

　　2) The film which I’m speaking of is to be shown next week.

　　The film I’m speaking is to be shown next week.

　　3. This is the teacher whom I’ve learnt a lot from.

　　This is the teacher I’ve learnt a lot.

　　4. The man whom we sent the present to is a doctor of laws.

　　The man whom we sent the present is a doctor of laws.

　　5. The situation which we had got into was very dangerous.

　　we had got was very dangerous.

　　6 The policeman whom Mr Henry is talking with is a friend of mine.

　　The police man

　　定语从句之关系副词

　　一 关系副词引导的定语从句

　　1.When 表示时间，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词（如time， day ， hour， year 等）。在从句中做时间状语。

　　I will always remember the day . I got the first prize I will always remember the day2. where 表示地点，在定语从句中做地点状语。其先行词往往是表示地点的名词（如place， room， house， street， area等）

　　This is the place. My mother was born This is the room . I lived This is the village. My father worked 3 why 引导定语 从句，在从句中表示原因，做原因状语。其先行词一般为reason. I don’t know the reason she looks unhappy today.我不知道为什么她今天看上去不高兴 The reason 他为什么那样说的理由是十分清楚的。

　　二 当堂训练

　　1 用关系副词when， where 把下列每对句子连接成定语从句。

　　1）I’ll never forget the day. I joined the PLA on that day.

　　_________________________________________________.

　　2) Last autumn my sister went to the town. She was born there.

　　_____________________________________________________.

　　3) The days are gone. During those days we used ‘foreign oil.”

　　___________________________________________.

　　4) Li Fang lives in that street. Do you know the street?

　　______________________________________________________?

　　三 如何 判断关系代词与关系副词

　　1. 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句 中的谓语动词。及物动词后无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词； 而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。如：

　　This is the mountain village where I stayed last year (stay 是不及物动词)

　　This is the mountain village which I visited last year.(visit 是及物动词)

　　This is the house which I bought last year.(buy是及物动词)

　　This is the house where I lived last year.(live 是不及物动词)

　　I will always remember the days when we worked together.(work 是不及物动词)

　　I will always remember the days which we spent together. （spent 是及物动词）

　　Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

　　It was also a time when there were many great philosophers.

　　2. 当堂训练：填空

　　1. Is this museum _______ you visited a few days ago?

　　2. Is this museum _____ the exhibition was held.

　　3. It is the school _______ the film star studied when she was young .

　　4 It is the school ________ I hated when I was young.

　　5. It is an important day ______ I’ll never foget.

　　6. It is an important day ______I first gave a speech in public .

　　7. The hotel _____ they are staying is very expensive.

　　8 The hotel ______ they bought is very expensive.

　　四当堂检测

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定语从句先行词的判断

定语从句先行词的判断

　　大家知道定语从句先行词的判断方法吗？以下是小编分享的定语从句先行词的判断方法哦，欢迎参考！

　　定语从句先行词的判断方法【1】

　　先行词是名词或代词,如果名词或代词后面有修饰它们的句子且它们在句中充当某一成分,它们就是先行词.

　　把先行词还原到从句中,就能判断做什么成份.

　　如:I will never forget the day when I first went to school.(先行词是day)

　　从句=I first went to school on the day.

　　(on the day 在从句中作状语=when)

　　I will never forget the day that was very special to me.(先行词是day)

　　从句=The day was very special to me

　　(the day 在从句中作主语=that/which)

　　定语从句先行词的判断方法【2】

　　关于先行词这个问题,你先忘了英语,全部忘掉,我们先来看看中文中的修饰语,道理是完全一样的,只要你明白了中文的修饰语用法,英语自然也就会了.

　　比如：一个非常漂亮的女孩

　　我去年逛过的城市

　　长着一头长发的女孩

　　我们先来分析：上面三个是什么结构,你一看就知道,是名词结构（或代词）,只不过加了一些修饰词做定语修饰主要名词,对吗?

　　OK,英语定语从句意思搞定：“就是用英文句子来修饰先行词”就更简单的一句话说就是：“定语从句就是形容词”,修饰前面的名词或代词.明白吗?（翻译为………的先行词）,不同的是英语定语从句要后置.

　　一个非常漂亮的…………（女孩）

　　我去年逛过的…………（城市）

　　长着一头长发的…………（女孩）

　　OK翻译：Agirl（名词或代词） who is very beautiful（英语句子做修饰词相当于形容词）

　　Agirl who is very beautiful

　　The city(名词） I visited last year=形容词

　　The city I visited last year

　　A girl （名词）who has long hair.（形容词）.

　　A girl who has long hair

　　好了,现在你不需要学*什么英语从句是代词还是副词,什么样的引导词等,现在只有一个理念你要明白,这非常重要,是框架,记住“定语从句就是形容词”紧跟先行词,一定翻译为…………的先行词,这是亘古不变的,打死印在脑海里!

　　【拓展内容】

　　定语从句先行词

　　先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词。在定语从句中充当一定的'部分。之所以称它为先行词，是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后，先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。

　　定语从句先行词例句

　　例句：This is the book which I am looking for.

　　它是我正在寻找的书。

　　其中的“the book”是先行词，“which”是引导词。

　　例句：He is Mr. Robertson who comes from England.

　　他是来自英国的罗伯森先生。

　　其中的“Mr. Robertson”是先行词，“who”是引导词。

　　例句：Was that a singer that sang Xi Yangyang？

　　那个唱喜洋洋的歌手是谁？

　　其中的“a singer”是先行词，“that”是引导词。

　　定语从句先行词关系

　　先行词

　　被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。我们可以这样认为，之所以称它为先行词，是因为修饰它的定语从句总是放在它之后，先行词总是出现在定语从句之前，而不同于普通形容词修饰名词时，形容词位于名词之前。

　　Don’t forgetthe bookthat I told you to bring.（“the book”为先行词）

　　别忘了把我让你带的书带过来。

　　关系词

　　引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。

　　含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层：即主句层（第一层），定语从句层（第二层）。

　　种类

　　常见的关系代词

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