sql语句in的用法

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  • 菠萝在英语句子中的用法

  • 英语
  •   菠萝的英文:

      pineapple

      参考例句:

      grated pineapple

      菠萝米,菠萝碎(屑)

      crushed pineapple

      菠萝碎(块),菠萝碎米

      Besides pineapples, we have papaya, mango, banana and so on.

      除了菠萝外,我们还有木瓜,芒果,香蕉等等。

      Education officials scratched a bizarre item about a race between a pineapple and a hare from the exam.

      教育部官员在考试中发现了一道关于菠萝和野兔特种区别的'题目。

      A hothouse or plantation where pineapples are grown.

      菠萝种植园菠萝生长的温室或园林

      They single out the biggest pineapple.

      他们挑出最大的菠萝。

      Fresh/tinned pineapple

      新鲜的[罐头的]菠萝

      We often do not eat the pineapple

      我们不经常吃菠萝。

      Split the pineapple before peeling it.

      先把菠萝切开,然后削皮。

      Pineapples are one of the most popular fruits in Hawaii.

      菠萝是夏威夷最受欢迎的水果之一。

    [阅读全文]...

2022-05-03 21:30:19
  • SQL查询语句大全

  • 语句
  • SQL查询语句大全

      SQL语句无论是种类还是数量都是繁多的,很多语句也是经常要用到的,SQL查询语句就是一个典型的例子,无论是高级查询还是低级查询,SQL查询语句的需求是最频繁的。那么SQL查询语句有哪些?下面跟小编一起来看看吧!

      一、简单查询语句

      1. 查看表结构

      SQL>DESC emp;

      2. 查询所有列

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp;

      3. 查询指定列

      SQL>SELECT empmo, ename, mgr FROM emp;

      SQL>SELECT DISTINCT mgr FROM emp; 只显示结果不同的项

      4. 查询指定行

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job='CLERK';

      5. 使用算术表达式

      SQL>SELECT ename, sal*13+nvl(comm,0) FROM emp;

      nvl(comm,1)的意思是,如果comm中有值,则nvl(comm,1)=comm; comm中无值,则nvl(comm,1)=0。

      SQL>SELECT ename, sal*13+nvl(comm,0) year_sal FROM emp; (year_sal为别名,可按别名排序)

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE hiredate>'01-1月-82';

      6. 使用like操作符(%,_)

      %表示一个或多个字符,_表示一个字符,[charlist]表示字符列中的任何单一字符,[^charlist]或者[!charlist]不在字符列中的任何单一字符。

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename like 'S__T%';

      7. 在where条件中使用In

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job IN ('CLERK','ANALYST');

      8. 查询字段内容为空/非空的语句

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE mgr IS/IS NOT NULL;

      9. 使用逻辑操作符号

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp WHERE (sal>500 or job='MANAGE') and ename like 'J%';

      10. 将查询结果按字段的值进行排序

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp ORDER BY deptno, sal DESC; (按部门升序,并按薪酬降序)

      二、复杂查询

      1. 数据分组(max,min,avg,sum,count)

      SQL>SELECT MAX(sal),MIN(age),AVG(sal),SUM(sal) from emp;

      SQL>SELECT * FROM emp where sal=(SELECT MAX(sal) from emp));

      SQL>SELEC COUNT(*) FROM emp;

      2. group by(用于对查询结果的分组统计) 和 having子句(用于限制分组显示结果)

      SQL>SELECT deptno,MAX(sal),AVG(sal) FROM emp GROUP BY deptno;

      SQL>SELECT deptno, job, AVG(sal),MIN(sal) FROM emp group by deptno,job having AVG(sal)<2000;

      对于数据分组的总结:

      a. 分组函数只能出现在选择列表、having、order by子句中(不能出现在where中)

      b. 如果select语句中同时包含有group by, having, order by,那么它们的顺序是group by, having, order by。

      c. 在选择列中如果有列、表达式和分组函数,那么这些列和表达式必须出现在group by子句中,否则就是会出错。

      使用group by不是使用having的前提条件。

      3. 多表查询

      SQL>SELECT e.name,e.sal,d.dname FROM emp e, dept d WHERE e.deptno=d.deptno order by d.deptno;

      SQL>SELECT e.ename,e.sal,s.grade FROM emp e,salgrade s WHER e.sal BETWEEN s.losal AND s.hisal;

      4. 自连接(指同一张表的连接查询)

      SQL>SELECT er.ename, ee.ename mgr_name from emp er, emp ee where er.mgr=ee.empno;

      5. 子查询(嵌入到其他sql语句中的select语句,也叫嵌套查询)

      5.1 单行子查询

      SQL>SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE deptno=(SELECT deptno FROM emp where ename='SMITH');查询表中与smith同部门的人员名字。因为返回结果只有一行,所以用“=”连接子查询语句

      5.2 多行子查询

      SQL>SELECT ename,job,sal,deptno from emp WHERE job IN (SELECT DISTINCT job FROM emp WHERE deptno=10);查询表中与部门号为10的工作相同的员工的姓名、工作、薪水、部门号。因为返回结果有多行,所以用“IN”连接子查询语句。

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2022-06-15 19:00:47
  • UPDATE语句的用法详解

  • 语句,写作
  • UPDATE语句的用法详解

      UPDATE语句用于修改数据库表中的数据,让表中的数据得到一定程度的更新。下面是小编整理的UPDATE语句的用法详解,欢迎大家阅览。

      现实应用中数据库中的数据改动是免不了的。通常,几乎所有的用户数据库中的大部分数据都要进行某种程度的修改。在SQL Server数据库中要想修改数据库记录,就需要用UPDATE语句,UPDATE语句就是为了改变数据库中的现存数据而存在的。这条语句虽然有一些复杂的选项,但确实是最容易学*的语句之一。这是因为在大多数情况下,这条语句的高级部分很少使用。在用户看来,UPDATE语句只是用来改变指定行中的数据。但实际的内部情况是,SQL Server从表中删除旧的数据行并插入新行。

      SQL Server UPDATE语句的语法如下:

      updateset=where

      下面是语法选项简介:

      表的名称。该表包含了要修改值的列

      要修改数据的列的名称

      要输入到列中的新值

      这是UPDATE语句中最重要的部分。通过指定一个好的搜索条件,你能够限定表内被修改的行数。如果你不指定搜索条件,SQLServer会用新值修改表内的所有行

      示例:

      现在我们来看看如何实际修改表中的某些行。我们在表中有一列使用了唯一值,可以区分表中的每一行。因此,我们可以轻松地写下UPDATE语句,只改变对应某作者的那行数据。如下:

      复制代码 代码如下:

      users set phone=78789831 where number =231;

      比如现在我们要把超市表内的每件商品价格都提高11%,是否有必要为每一行都写一条独立的UPDATE语句呢?就现在的情况而言,也许不会有很多的UPDATE语句要写,但如果是更大的.表,这就成问题了。所以回答是否定的。你所要做的只是写一条不指定要更新的行的UPDATE语句,如下所示:

      复制代码 代码如下:

      shop set priceprice = price * .11 ;

      单表的MySQL UPDATE语句:

      UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] tbl_name SET col_name1=expr1 [, col_name2=expr2 ...] [WHERE where_definition] [ORDER BY ...] [LIMIT row_count]

      多表的UPDATE语句:

      UPDATE [LOW_PRIORITY] [IGNORE] table_references SET col_name1=expr1 [, col_name2=expr2 ...] [WHERE where_definition]

      UPDATE语法可以用新值更新原有表行中的各列。SET子句指示要修改哪些列和要给予哪些值。WHERE子句指定应更新哪些行。如果没有WHERE子句,则更新所有的行。如果指定了ORDER BY子句,则按照被指定的顺序对行进行更新。LIMIT子句用于给定一个限值,限制可以被更新的行的数目。

      MySQL UPDATE语句支持以下修饰符:

      如果您使用LOW_PRIORITY关键词,则UPDATE的执行被延迟了,直到没有其它的客户端从表中读取为止。

      如果您使用IGNORE关键词,则即使在更新过程中出现错误,更新语句也不会中断。如果出现了重复关键字冲突,则这些行不会被更新。如果列被更新后,新值会导致数据转化错误,则这些行被更新为最接*的合法的值。

      如果您在一个表达式中通过tbl_name访问一列,则UPDATE使用列中的当前值。例如,以下语句把年龄列设置为比当前值多一:

      MySQL> UPDATE persondata SET ageage=age+1;

      MySQL UPDATE赋值被从左到右评估。例如,以下语句对年龄列加倍,然后再进行增加:

      MySQL> UPDATE persondata SET ageage=age*2, ageage=age+1;

      如果您把一列设置为其当前含有的值,则MySQL会注意到这一点,但不会更新。

      如果您把被已定义为NOT NULL的列更新为NULL,则该列被设置到与列类型对应的默认值,并且累加警告数。对于数字类型,默认值为0;对于字符串类型,默认值为空字符串();对于日期和时间类型,默认值为“zero”值。

      UPDATE会返回实际被改变的行的数目。MySQL_info() C API函数可以返回被匹配和被更新的行的数目,以及在UPDATE过程中产生的警告的数量。

      您可以使用LIMIT row_count来限定UPDATE的范围。LIMIT子句是一个与行匹配的限定。只要发现可以满足WHERE子句的row_count行,则该语句中止,不论这些行是否被改变。

      如果一个UPDATE语句包括一个ORDER BY子句,则按照由子句指定的顺序更新行。

      您也可以执行包括多个表的UPDATE操作。table_references子句列出了在联合中包含的表。以下是一个例子:

      SQL>UPDATE items,month SET items.price=month.price

      WHERE items.id=month.id;

      以上的例子显示出了使用逗号操作符的内部联合,但是multiple-table UPDATE语句可以使用在SELECT语句中允许的任何类型的联合,比如LEFT JOIN。

      注释:您不能把ORDER BY或LIMIT与multiple-table UPDATE同时使用。

      在一个被更改的multiple-table UPDATE中,有些列被引用。您只需要这些列的MySQL UPDATE权限。有些列被读取了,但是没被修改。您只需要这些列的SELECT权限。

      如果您使用的multiple-table UPDATE语句中包含带有外键限制的InnoDB表,则MySQL优化符处理表的顺序可能与上下层级关系的顺序不同。在此情况下,语句无效并被 回滚。同时,更新一个单一表,并且依靠ON UPDATE功能。该功能由InnoDB提供,用于对其它表进行相应的修改。

      目前,您不能在一个子查询中更新一个表,同时从同一个表中选择。

    [阅读全文]...

2022-07-27 17:56:36
  • allow的用法

  • 英语,职场,考试
  • allow的用法

      导语:英语学*即学*英语,主要讲述学*英语的方法,注意事项等内容。学*英语贵在坚持,找到适合自己的方法,多运用多温故。以下是小编为大家整理的allow的`用法,欢迎阅读与收藏。

      allow 允许,准许

      用法:

      allow for sth. 允许某事

      allow doing sth. 允许做某事

      They dont allow smoking here.=They dont allow others to smoke here

      allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

      (注意被动:sb. be allowed to do sth.)

      1、allow意为“允许;许可”,常用于“allow sb. to do sth.”结构,表示“允许某人做某事”。allow后面可接动名词作宾语,不可用动词不定式作宾语,即: allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。如:

      My father allowed me to play basketball after finishing my homework. 我的父亲允许我做完作业后打篮球。

      They do not allow smoking in public. 他们不允许在公共场合吸烟。

      [注意] allow用于被动语态时,必须接不定式作宾语补足语,不能接动名词形式。“Sb. / Sth. be allowed to do sth.”结构,也可在allow后面接介词短语,即“Sb. / Sth. be allowed 介词短语”。如:

      Women were not allowed to take part in the games. 妇女是不允许参加这些比赛的。

      I dont allow dogs in the house. 我不允许狗进屋。

      2、allow意为“让……得到;同意给予”,后面接双宾语。如:

      How much money does your father allow you every week? 你爸爸每周给你多少钱?

      3、allow意为“承认”,后面可跟从句,也可跟“to be”复合宾语。如:

      We had to allow that he was the best teacher we had met. 我们不得不承认他是我们遇到的最好的老师。

      We must allow him to be a genius. 我们必须承认他是个天才。

      4、allow for 表示“考虑到;体谅”。如:

      You have to allow for the weather there. 你不得不考虑到那里的天气。

      5、allow还常与 out, in, up等副词搭配使用,即 allow sb. in / out / up等。如:

      The patient was allowed up after ten days. 十天后这位病人才被允许起床(下地)。

      [注意] 口语中常说Allow me!(让我来吧!),用于表示要抢先做某事,以表示客气。

      动词allow搭配小议

      1、其后可接动名词作宾语,但通常不接不定式:我们不允许在此抽烟。

      误:We don’t allow to smoke here.

      正:We don’t allow smoking here.

      2、若其后跟有间接宾语, 则可用不定式, 即可用于 allow sb to do sth:

      我父母不允许我深夜还留在外头。

      误:My parents don’t allow me staying out late.

      正:My parents don’t allow me to stay out late.

      3、其后不接不定式作宾语,但是被动语态之后可用不定式(此时的不定式不是宾语,而是主语补语):

      人们不准在此大声讲话。

      误:People are not allowed talking loudly here.

      正:People are not allowed to talk loudly here.

      正:We do not allow people to talk loudly here.

      析:上面误句主要是误认为 talking loudly 是动词 allow的宾语 (所以在其后接动名词), 而其实这是一个被动结构, talking loudly 不是动词 allow 的宾语, 而是主语 people 的补语。若将此转化为主动结构, 即为 allow sb to do sth 这一句型。

      4、关于allow for与allow of

      这些事实只能有一种解释。

      误:The facts allow for only one explanation.

      正:The facts allow of only one explanation.

      析:不要混淆 allow for(考虑到,体谅)与 allow of(容许,对.. .留有余地)。如:

      Don’t forget to allow for traffic delays. 不要忘记把在路上交通耽误的时间考虑在内

    [阅读全文]...

2022-05-02 04:09:02
  • 定语从句that的用法

  • 教育,英语
  • 定语从句that的用法

      “定语从句,是指一类由关系词引导的从句,因为这类从句的句*能多是做定语,所以曾被称为定语从句,这类从句除了可以做定语之外,还可以充当状语等其他成分,所以现代语言学多使用“关系从句”这一术语。在英语中,定语从句主要通过关系代名词法构成。下面是小编整理的定语从句that的用法,仅供参考,希望能够帮助到大家。

      (一)定语从句that的用法

      that常用作关系代词,可指代某人,也可指代某物,指物时有的时候可用which替换that,指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下,一般用that。

      一、that指代某物事时

      1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如:

      We'll do allthatwe can to protect the endangered plants and animals.

      我们将尽我们的最大努力来保护那些濒危的动植物。

      There is muchthatI wan to tell you.

      我有很多想要告诉你的话。

      Is there anythingthatI can do for you?

      有什么我可以帮你的吗?

      2.先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如:

      You can borrow any bookthatyou want to read in our school library.

      在我们图书馆,你可以借任何你想读的书。

      3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:

      This is the most beautiful citythatI've ever seen.

      这是我见过的最漂亮的城市。

      4.先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last等修饰时。如:

      This is the very factorythatthey visited last summer holiday.

      这恰好是他们去年参观的那个工厂。

      This is the only painting in this stylethatwe have.

      这种风格的画我们仅有一幅。

      5.先行词是并列结构,既有人又有物时。如:

      He talked happily of the writer and his booksthatinterested him.

      6.先行词前有the same修饰,表示和先行词是同一物时。如:

      This is the same pursethatI lost yesterday.

      这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。

      注:如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物,则用the same…as….如:

      This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.

      这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。

      7.先行词为数词时。

      Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the twothatyou bought me for my birthday.

      瞧书架上那些书。你可以看到我过生日时你买的那两本。

      8.如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句,为避免重复,第二个定语从句用that。如:

      They built a factory which produced thingsthathad never been seen.

      他们建了一工厂,生产以前从未见过的东西。

      9.以which作主语开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复,定语从句用that。如。

      Which is the busthatyou will take?

      你要乘的是哪一班车?

      10.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时,而且通常省略。如:

      My hometown is no longer the placethatit used to be.

      我的家乡再也不是以前那个样子了。

      11.关系代词在there be句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如:

      This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.

      这是有史以来最快的列车。

      二、that指代某人时。

      1.泛指某人时。如:

      He is a manthatis never at a loss.

      他是一个从未一筹莫展的人。

      2.主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句,为了避免重复时。如:

    [阅读全文]...

2022-04-11 15:16:54
  • 定语从句用which的用法

  • 教育,英语
  • 定语从句用which的用法

      关系代词which一般指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,既可以引导限制性定语从句,又可引导非限制性定语从句。另外“介词+which”具有替代作用,十分常见。下面是小编帮大家整理的定语从句用which的用法,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

      学英语,一大痛点在定语从句,which就是痛中之痛之一。

      定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分。定语从句是定语的一种,特殊之处在于采用了从句的形式,位于被修饰的名词或代词之后,往往拖得比较长,惹人心烦。拖得再长,定语从句也是定语,是用来修饰某名词或代词的,地位谈不上有多高。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词就是所谓的先行词,先行词要先行,位于定语从句之前。

      定语从句既然是从句,就是一个句子,一定要有句子主干,也就是说,一定要有谓语动词。有的选项定语从句中没有谓语动词,动作由非谓语动词表示,就是错的。

      定语从句既然是从句,就是从属于主句的,一定要由关系代词或关系副词引导,把自身的谓语动词独立性取消,保证主句谓语动词地位不动摇。有的选项定语从句没有关系代词或关系副词,直接上谓语动词,也是错的。

      which是定语从句的关系代词之一。GMAT语法考试限定,which有且仅有两种用法。

      一,which前面有逗号,逗号前面是个名词,which就*指代那个名词。

      (1) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which did not cheer Pea up.

      which就*指代photos,定语从句中谓语动词did not cheer (Pea up)的发出者即从句主语即先行词photos,是photos没让豌豆家属高兴起来。

      (2) Tankfield emailed Pea some photos, which Pea did not find interesting.

      which就*指代photos,photos是定语从句中的宾语,把定语从句还原成一个完整句就是Pea did not find the photos interesting.

      可以看到,上面两个句子都可以以that为关系代词改写,即

      (1)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that did not cheer Pea up.

      (2)’ Tankfield emailed Pea some photos that Pea did not find interesting.

      改写与原版区别在哪儿?就在一个逗号。which前面是名词,名词和which之间没逗号的,在GMAT语法里算错。

      二,which前面是介词,介词前面是名词,which就*指代介词前的那个名词,名词和介词之间有无逗号均可。

      Tankfield once lent Pea a book from which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes.

      这个句子可以“拆”成如下两句:(每个定语从句都可以拆成两句,以先行词为拆分点)

      Tankfield once lent Pea a book. Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from the book.

      先行词实际上是定语从句中介词的宾语,这时,需要把介词提前,避免如下表达:

      Tankfield once lent Pea a book, which Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

      Tankfield once lent Pea a book that Pea glimpsed the basics of genes from. (XXX)

      上中学的时候学过,which引导的定语从句叫“非限制性定语从句”,是不是?它怎么就“非限制性”了?回顾上述GMAT语法规定which有且仅有的两种用法,which指的都是就*的名词,从句其实还是限制性的'。

      所谓非限制性呢,是说which指逗号之前一套主谓所描述的情况,以逗号前的一个完整句为先行词。比如:

      Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which was rather sad.

      Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, which Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

      注意,这样的非限制性定语从句在GMAT语法中是不成立的,关于which,GMAT语法考试只认可上述两种限制性用法。那么,在GMAT语法考试规则范围内,用什么方法能够表达出原来学过的非限制性定语从句的意思来呢?

      分成两句或做出同位语来都是可以的,当然,需要先找出一个名词把原来非限制性定语从句的先行词(即那个完整的句子)概括出来。

      一、分成两句

      Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. The fact was rather sad.

      Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea. Pea did not refuse to acknowledge the fact to herself any more.

      二、做同位语

      Tankfield might never care to say Happy Birthday to Pea, the fact, rather sad,beingwhat Pea did not refuse to acknowledge to herself any more.

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2022-04-27 17:13:30
  • GMAT语法《NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…》的用法

  • GMAT语法《NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…》的用法

      “NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…”是表示“不仅……而且……”的意思,那么他在句子中要怎么使用呢?下面是小编整理的关于NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…的语法知识,欢迎阅读!

      NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO…

      看了GWD8-20, 以前的NN讨论的的太好了,可是藏的太深,很多人都看不见, 后来又看了好些的帖子,,收益良多.所以我把大家观点总结一下,

      首先Not only…..but (also)表示的关系是递进, 其中also可以省略

      But/but also表示的是转折. 在but also中, ring_cheng认为also不属于重复, 所以应当保留.该观点尚未证实.

      not only ...but also表示并列,不能表示转折,不要有先入为主的感觉认为not only...but also必须一起出现。单独出现but also是可能的.,此时表示的是转折,参见大全74

      All-terrain vehicles have allowed vacationers to reach many previously inaccessible areas, but they have also been blamed for causing hundreds of deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging the nation’s recreational areas.

      (A)deaths, injury to thousands, and seriously damaging

      (B)deaths and injuring thousands, and serious damage to

      (C)deaths, thousands who are injured, as well as seriously damaging

      (D)deaths and thousands of injuries, as well as doing serious damage to (D)

      (E)deaths, thousands are injured, and they do serious damage to

      关于not only…but also.. 的用法,我根据前人的发言并结合GMAT的思路挑出了这几条:

      1.在正常语序中: not only … but also 应连接两个相对称的并列成分。例如:

      Not only Mr Lin but also his son joined the Party two years ago. (连接两个主语)

      I not only play tennis but also practise shooting. (连接两个谓语动词)

      He plays not only the piano but also the violin. (连接两个宾语)

      在正常语序中: 短语本身不可以加入其它成份,比如变成:not only...but it also...是错误的(因为破坏了*衡)。

      如大全中:

      125.The winds that howl across the Great Plains not only blow away valuable topsoil, thereby reducing the potential crop yield of a tract of land, and also damage or destroy young plants.

      (A)and also damage or destroy

      (B)as well as damaging or destroying

      (C)but they also cause damage or destroy

      (D)but also damage or destroy(D)

      (E)but also causing damage or destroying

      Choice D, the best answer, correctly employs the correlative construction not only x but also y, where x and y are grammatically parallel and where both x and y (damage and destroy)ap* to young plants. Choices A, (not only... and also), B (not only... as well as), and C (not only... but they also)violate the not only... but also paradigm. Moreover, B contains terms (blow... damaging)that are not parallel. In C and E, damage is used not as a verb with young plants as its direct object but as a noun receiving the action of cause; consequently, these choices fail to state explicitly that the damage is done to young plants. E also violates parallelism (not only blow... but also causing)

      2. not only … but also 连接两个主语时,谓语动词要和与其最*的主语保持人称和数的一致。例如:

      Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan. / Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.

      3. not only … but also 不能用在否定句中。例如:

      误: They don't fear not only hardship but also death.

      正: They fear neither hardship nor death.

      正: They don't fear either hardship or death.

      4. not only … but also 连接两个分句,并且 not only 位于句首时,第一个分句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。例如:

      Not only does the sun give us light, but also it gives us heat.

      Not only did he speak English correctly, but he also speaks it fluently.

      《新编英语语法》薄冰P633:Not only does he compose music, but he also play./ Not only does he have to type out the answer on a com*r, but he also gets the com*r to translate it into sounds.

      《新编英语语法》章振邦1005:She was not only compelled to stay at home, but she was also forbidden to see her friends

      英语语法大全上的例句是: Not only did they break into his office and steal his books, but they also tore up his manuscripts. 所以我个人认为在倒装的情况下,but also是可以被主语拆开的.

      这里附上ring_cheng的观点:倒装时可以在短语中插入某类成分,如:not only did sb do sth, but sb also did sth (之所以前后都加入主语,不是为了连接主语,而是为了句子的对仗工整而补足主语,连接的其实是主语的两个不同的谓语动作。又因为not only在句首已经倒装过了,所以but also用正常语序即可。依然满足句子*衡的要求).如大全354中but also被主语+助动词拆开:

      354.In 1978 a national study found that not only had many contractors licensed by a self-policing private guild failed to pass qualifying exams, they in addition falsified their references.

      A. they in addition falsified their references

      B. they had their references falsified in addition

      C. but they had also falsified their references

      D. they had also falsified their references(C)

      E. but their references were falsified as well

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2022-01-10 23:03:40
  • whose在定语从句的用法

  • 教育,英语
  • whose在定语从句的用法

      英语是一种西日耳曼语支,最早被中世纪的英国使用,并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。以下是小编为大家收集的whose在定语从句的用法,欢迎大家借鉴与参考,希望对大家有所帮助。

      WHOSE也可以引导定语从句,它相当于前面说的关系代词的所有格形式。

      例:She has an uncle . His name is Peter.

      =She has an uncle whose name is Peter.

      I like that house . Its location is good to me.

      =I like that house whose location is good to me.

      "WHOSE"引导定语从句的三原则:

      a. whose 前要有先行词

      b. whose 后的名词要做定语从句的主语或宾语

      c. 否则whose前应有介词,且该介词也可移至定语从句的句尾

      以上可知whose引导定语从句的用法和其他关系代词的用法相似。

      例:I hate John,whose words are seldom true.(本句中,whose words 前有先行词John,且本身做定语从句的主语)

      I hate John,whose words I have no trust.(错) (本句虽有先行词,但whose words 无法直接做trust的宾语,所以要稍加改正)

      改正:I hate John,whose words I seldom trust in.(对)

      附一:关系代词引导的'定语从句

      关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

      1、who指人,在从句中做主语

      The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

      2、whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。

      Mr. Liu is the person (whom)you talked about on the bus.

      【注意】关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。

      The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

      3、which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略

      Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

      4、that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。

      The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

      5、whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语

      He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

      whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替:

      The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

      =The classroom of which the door is broken will soon be repaired.

      Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?

      =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

      (注意:the + 名词 + of which/whom常考!)

      附二:介词+关系代词whom/which引导的定语从句(重点)

      关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导:

      The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.

      =The school in which he once studied is very famous.

      【注意】

      1、含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如:look for, look after, take care of等

      (1)This is the watch which/that I am lookingfor.(T)

      (2)This is the watch for which I amlooking. (F)

      2、若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose

      (1)The man with whom you talked is my friend.(T)

      (2)The man who/that you talked with is my friend.(F)

      3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most,each, few等代词或者数词,构成some of which/whom等类似结构引导的定语从句。(重点:常考!)

      (1)He loved his parents dee*, of whom both are very kind to him.

      (2)In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.

      (3)There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.

      在特定语境中,可以用“介词+ whose/where”引导定语从句

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2021-12-08 07:27:03
  • spend的用法

  • 英语,职场,考试
  • spend的用法

      spend,英文单词,名词、及物动词、不及物动词,作名词时意为“预算”,作及物动词时意为“度过,消磨(时光);花费;浪费;用尽”,作不及物动词时意为“花钱;用尽,耗尽”。下面讲由小编为大家整理了spend的用法相关内容,希望对大家有帮助。

      spend的用法

      

      一、take ,spend ,cost, pay的用法都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。

      spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:

      (1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。

      (2) spend time /money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。

      (3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

      二、cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:

      (1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A new com*r costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

      (2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

      注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

      三、take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:

      (1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。

      (2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

      四、pay的.基本用法是:

      (1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。

      (2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

      (3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例:Don?蒺t worry!Ill pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。

      (4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。

      (5)pay money back 还钱。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? Ill pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。

      (6)pay off ones money还清钱。

      区别:

      take 一般用it做主语,例:it take sb sometime to do sth.

      spend 一般是人做主语,例:I spend an hour to finish my homework.

      cost表示某物值什么的(价值或钱)例:The bool cost 200yuan.

      pay一般是人做主语,例:I pay an hour to do my homework.

    [阅读全文]...

2022-03-13 09:45:45
  • 定语从句who的用法

  • 教育,英语
  • 定语从句who的用法

      定语从句who的用法例子已经为大家准备好啦,大家可以参考以下是知识点,了解定语从句who的用法!

      一、who在定语从句中用法

      先行词为anyone,one,ones时;

      先行词为those,he和people时;

      这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom),that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物 。在从句中所起作用如下:

      (1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

      (2)He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见到的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

      (3)The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher. 刚刚和你说话的那个男人是我们的.英语老师。(whom在从句中作宾语)

      注:who在定语从句中指人,作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略;做及物动词或介词的宾语,可省略。

      2,which,that 用来指物(有六种情况只可用that而不用which)

      (用作主语、宾语,作宾语时可以省略),例如:

      (1)The prosperity which/that had never appeared before took on in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which/that在从句中作主语)

      (2)The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which/that在从句中作宾语)

      注:which在定语从句中指物,可作主语或及物动词或介词的宾语,作宾语时可省略;that在定语从句中既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语和表语,作宾语时可省略,指人时,相当于who或whom,指物时,相当于which,作介词宾语时,介词不可提到 that前,当介词提前时,需要用which或whom来代替。

      二、英语定语从句中who和whose的用法

      whose在从句中作定语,后面必须有名词;who作主语或宾语.

      The book (whose cover is blue) is mine.封皮是蓝色的那本书是我的.

      The man who is in white is my father.穿白色衣服的那个人是我爸爸.(主语)

      The man who/whom you talked to just now is my father.刚才跟你说话的那个人时我爸爸.(宾语)

      The man to whom you talked just now is my father.(句中whom不可用who,两个都可做宾语,但前面有介词时不能用who,只能用whom.)

      三、who引导的定语从句用法

      一、 who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。如:The student who is answering the question is John. 正在回答问题的.那个学生是约翰。

      Anybody who breaks the laws will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。

      二、 who是主格,在定语从句中作主语,此时不能省略。如:The person who was here yesterday is a musician. 昨天来这儿的那个人是位音乐家。

      但在非正式英语中,who亦可作宾语,且可以省略。如:The man(who)I saw just now is Mr Li. 我刚才见到的那个人是李先生。

      三、 在定语从句中,who在人称、数上和其前面的先行词保持一致。如:Do you know the boy who is standing over there? 你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗?

      四、 若先行词中既有人又有物,关系代词用that而不用who。如:He watched the children and boxes that filled the car. 他看见了塞满汽车的孩子和箱子。

      五、 若先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰,关系代词用that而不用who。如:Yao Ming is the best basketball player that I know. 姚明是我知道的最好的篮球运动员。

      Tom is the first boy that left the room. 汤姆是第一个离开这个房间的男孩。

    [阅读全文]...

2022-06-11 16:06:14
sql语句in的用法 - 句子
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