高一英语重点短语

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  • 初一英语重点句型

  • 初一英语重点句型

      引导语:初中的学业既没有小学的时候松散,也没有高中阶段的紧张感。所以我们要重视初中这个阶段,做好量的积累达到质的飞跃。下面是YJBYS的小编为大家找到的初一英语重点句型。希望能帮到大家!

      初一英语重点句型

      1.I think…意为“我认为……”,是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…,如:I think he’s Mr Zhinag. (L17)I don’t think you are right.

      2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”,动词give之后可接双宾语,可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时,则只能用give it/ them to sb. 如:His parents give him a nice purse./His parents give a nice purse to him. Give it to Mr Hu.(L57)

      3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”,后常接地点,也可接人。如:Please take the new books to theclassroom.

      4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”,必须是两者中。如:One is red and one is grey.(L50)或 One is red,, the other is grey.

      5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”,人后应用不带to的动词不定式,其否定式为Don’t let sb,do sth.,或Let sb. not do sth. 另外,Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同, 前者包括听者在内,后者不包括听者在内,如:Let’s go for a walk./Let us try once more, please.

      6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”,前者用不定式作宾补,后者用介词短语作宾补,二者可以互换。如:Let me help you find it.(L42)/Let me help you with it.

      7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的'观点、意见、看法等。about为介词,其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。如:What/How playing chess?

      8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的时间了”,其中to后须接原形动词,for后可接名词或V-ing形式。如:It’s time to have supper. =It’s time for supper.

      9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”,如:Li Lei and his friends like to play in the tree house. (L 43)前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重*惯性的动作,试比较:Tom likes swimming, but doesn’t like to swim this afternoon.

      10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”,其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式,如:Ask your friends to guess what is in it. (L44)

      11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”,该句型的用法同前面第2点。如:Show your friend your family photo.(L36)/Show your family photo to your friend.

      12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。如:Introduce your family to her. (L37)

      13.How do you get to school?

      14.How far is it from your home to school? It’s about three kilometers

      15.How long does it take you to get to school? It takes me about half an hour on foot.

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2022-05-04 04:00:11
  • 初一全册英语重点词汇

  • 初一,英语
  • 初一全册英语重点词汇

      对于学生来说,初中可以说是学*英语的关键时期。从这个阶段开始,英语的学*更加系统化,同时对于英语单词的量也有了更高的要求。以下是小编为大家整理的初一英语重点词汇。希望对大家的学*能有所帮助!

      1.Good morning.

      早上好。

      2.Good afternoon.

      下午好。

      3.How are you.I‘m fine,thank you.

      你好么?我很好,谢谢。

      4.Are you fine today?

      你今天还好么?

      5.What‘s your name?

      你叫什么名字?

      6.This is my twin brother,

      这是我的双胞胎兄弟。

      7.What is it?It‘s a photo of my family.

      这是什么?这是我的一张全家福

      8.Who is she?She is my sister.

      她是谁?她是我的姐妹。

      9.Who‘s this man? He is my father.

      这个男的是谁?他是我的爸爸。

      10.What‘s he?He is a doctor.

      他是干什么工作的?他是一位医生。

      11.Is this your mother? Yes,she‘s a worker.

      这是你的妈妈么?是的,她是一位工人。

      12.Are we classmates?Yes ,we are.

      我们是同学么?是的,我们是同学。

      13.How old are you?I‘m twelve.

      你多大了? 我十二岁了。

      14.He‘s my cousin Andy.

      他是我的堂兄安蒂。

      15.He‘s polite and helpful.

      他很有礼貌而且乐于助人。

      16.She is short and slim.

      她又矮又瘦。

      17.He is tall and strong.

      他又高又壮。

      18.He is from England.He‘s English.

      他来自英格兰,他是英国人。

      19.I have a photo here.

      我这边有张照片。

      20.Let me have a look.

      让我看一下。

      21.Is this their dog?

      这是他们的狗么?

      22.Do you know this boy?

      你认识这个男孩么?

      23.Look at them.

      看他们。

      24.They are happy too.

      他们也很高兴。

      25.All my new classmates

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2021-12-29 22:28:05
  • 高中英语重点句型汇总

  • 高中英语重点句型汇总

      想要写好作文就要对背背短语及句型,只有掌握了短语及句型才能写好文章。以下是小编整理的高中英语重点句型汇总,希望对大家有所帮助。

      1、Although the four countries do work together in some areas,they are still very different.

      although 引导让步状语从句:虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作,但它们仍然非常不同。

      2、as if / though 引导的状语从句,时常用虚拟语气,表示与事实不符或相反的情况

      He spoke in that way as if he were a foreigner. 他讲话的方式就好像是老外。

      3、as + adj. + a + 可数单数名词 + as … :as---as 像---一样:第一个as是副词,修饰形容词或副词的原级;

      第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。在否定句中也可以改为not as(so)---as-----.

      The film was not as/so good as I had expected. 这部电影不如我预期的好。

      4、be about to do sth…when… 正要干……这时…… when == at that time

      I was about to leave when the manager called me back. 我正要离开时,经理叫住了他。

      5、believe it or not 信不信由你,用于口语中,相当于插入语

      Believe it or not, he asked me to tell you a lie! 信不信由你,他要我向你说谎!

      6、can / could have done 表示对过去发生的行为进行推测,“可能”。一般用于否定句和疑问句

      He can’t / couldn’t have done it because he was an honest man.

      (1)must have done常用于肯定句,“一定” It must have been very late when he left the office.

      (2)may / might have done 可能、也许,用于否定和肯定句中 He may / might have heard it from Mary.

      (3)should have done表示“本该做某事,而结果未做”,否定句表示“不该做某事而结果做了”

      He should not have taken the old clothes away. 他不该把旧衣服带走。(事实上已带走啦)

      (4)needn’t have done 本来不需要---,但是做了… He needn’t have done his homework yesterday.

      7、even if / though--- -即使、虽然

      Even if we can go out for play, we won’t do. 即使我们能出去玩,我们也不想去。

      8、Exhausted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 由于太累了,我倒在床上马上就睡着了。

      exhausted表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句As I was exhausted

      9、Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken , her mother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.

      Finding that Zhinu was heart-broken 是现在分词短语作原因状语,表主动动作。主句的主语与v.-ing有逻辑上的主谓关系

      10、He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! 他不能让永慧跟别人说谎而置之不理。

      (1)have sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事,表示一个持续的.动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。

      (2)have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事(省略to的不定式),指做一次性的具体动作;

      I’d have you know that I am ill. 我要让你知道我病了。

      11、He got interested in two theories explaining how cholera killed people.

      他对两个关于霍乱为什么能致人于死地的理论感兴趣。

      how 引导的特殊疑问句是宾语从句

      12、 However + adj. / adv. + 主语 + 谓语

      however = no matter how无论如何,不管怎样,引导让步状语从句

      However/No matter how cold it is, he always goes swimming.

      13、主语 + be + adj.+ to do Tom is pleasant to work with. 与汤姆共事很令人愉快。

      14、If so so用if 之后,代替前面的分句或句子,构成缩略条件句,语义可由上下文语境得知。

      Will you get a free evening next week? If so, let us have dinner.

      15、in search of 寻找,寻求

      I’m always in search of someone who has the same hobby with me.

      16、It is time -----

      (1)It is time to do sth. 到了---的时间啦。

      (2)It’s time (for sb.)to do sth. 到了某人干----的时间啦。 It’s time for us to have a lesson.

      (3)It’s (high/about) time that 从句到了某人干----的时间啦

      (4)It /That/This/was/is the first/second----time that---- 这是某人第一、第二---次做某事 It’s the first time that I have been here.

      17、It is too bad you can’t go as far as Ottawa. as far as 有三层基本的意思

      (1)到某一指定的地点;远达 He walked as far as the park. 他步行到花园。

      (2)同样的距离 We didn’t go as far as others. 我们不如别人走的远。

      (3)程度、范围。就----而言,至于。也可以写做 so far as

      As / So far as I know, he isn’t coming to the party. 据我所知,他不会出*这个晚会了。

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2022-01-17 23:07:50
  • 自考英语二复*重点

  • 英语,教育
  • 自考英语二复*重点

      英语(二)大概是自学考试所有非英语专业的课程中最难通过的一门课程,许多考生连续多次参加考试,成绩都不理想,那么英语二有哪些重点呢,小编为大家总结了以下知识点供大家参考。以下是小编为大家收集的自考英语二复*重点,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

      No.1

      名词复数的规则变化

      一般情况加词尾 -s,如 book / books, desk / desks等。其读音规则是在清辅音后读[s],在元音和浊辅音后读[z]。

      以 s, x, z, sh, ch 等结尾的名词,通常加词尾 -es:bus / buses, box / boxes, dish / dishes等。

      以y 结尾的名词,其复数构成要分两种情况:以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,将 y 改为 ies;以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词,直接加词尾-s:city / cities, toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。

      No.2

      复数规则变化的几点说明

      以 ch 结尾的名词变复数时加词尾-es,指的是 ch 读音为[tF]时;若ch的读音为[k],则其复数应加词尾-s,如 stomach[tstQmEk]是 stomachs,而不是 stomaches。

      以y结尾的专有名词,直接加词尾s变复数。

      以 o 结尾的名词,有些加词尾 -s,有些加-es,但在中学英语范围内,以o结尾的名词变复数加词尾-es 的主要有以下4个:tomato(西红柿),potato(土豆),hero(英雄),Negro(黑人)。

      注:有些以o 结尾的名词在变复数时加-s或-es均可,如zero / zero(e)s(零)等。

      以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,也有两种可能:即有些直接加词尾-s,有些则把 f / fe 改为 ves:roof / roofs(屋顶),knife / knives(小刀)等。但在中学英语范围内,要改 f / fe 为 ves 的只有以下10个词(它们都是日常生活中的常用词):wife(妻子),life(生命),knife(小刀),leaf(树叶),thief(贼),half(一半),self(自己),shelf(架子),loaf(面包),wolf(狼)。

      注:中学英语中的handkerchief(手帕)在变复数时有两种形式:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves,但在现代英语中,以用 handkerchiefs 为多见。

      No.3

      单数与复数同形的名词。这类名词不多,主要的有:

      sheep 绵羊

      fish 鱼

      deer 鹿

      Chinese *人

      Japanese 日本人

      Portuguese 葡萄牙人

      Swiss 瑞士人

      aircraft 飞行器

      means 方法

      series 系列

      head (牛等的)头数

      works 工厂

      No.4

      复合名词变复数的方法。复合名词变复数通常是将其主要名词变为复数:

      passer-by / passers-by 过路人 looker-on / lookers-on 旁观者

      若没有主要名词,则通常在最后一个词尾加s

      No.5

      名词分为可数名词和不可数名词,可数名词出现时,要么是复数名词,要么前面加限定词,如冠词(a、an 或 the),不可数名词永远是单数形式。

      No.6

      形容词【adjective】 很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。

      eg:

      tall(高)

      rich(富有的)

      handsome(英俊的)

      No.7

      形容词在句中做定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面,但修饰不定代词时,放在其后面。

      eg:

      ①Provence is a romantic city.

      普鲁旺斯是一个浪漫的城市。

      ② I have something important to tell you.

      我有重要的事情要告诉你

      No.8

      可作表语,放在系动词后面

      eg:

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2022-05-28 18:18:06
  • 初一英语重点知识点归纳

  • 教育,英语
  • 初一英语重点知识点归纳

      英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言,但母语者数量是世界第三,仅次于汉语、西班牙语。它是学*最广泛的第二语言,是*60个*国家的官方语言或官方语言之一。下面是小编为大家收集的初一英语重点知识点归纳,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。

      初一英语常考知识

      have/ has的用法:

      1) 谓语动词have表示“有”,有两种形式:have和has,前者用于第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you)和第三人称复数(they),后者用于第三人称单数(he, she, it)或单数名词。

      I have an apple and he has two bananas.我有一个苹果,他有两个香蕉。

      You have a new English teacher.你们有了一个新的英语老师。

      It has two big eyes.它有一双大眼睛。

      Julie and Jack have a nice car.朱莉和杰克有一辆好看的车。

      2) have/has句型与there be句型的比较:两者都表示“有”,但用法不同。前者表示所属关系,即表示“某人或某物有什么”,而后者表示存在,表示“某地有什么”。

      They have some new books.他们有一些新书。

      There are some new books on their desks.他们桌子上有一些新书。

      She has a lot of pretty skirts.她有很多漂亮的裙子。

      There are a lot of pretty skirts in the shop.商店里有很多漂亮的裙子。

      3) have/ has的否定句,一般要加助动词do/ does,再加not构成,即do not have (don’t have)/ does not have (doesn’t have)

      .She does not have a sister.她没有姐姐。

      We don’t have any classes on Saturday.我们星期六没有课。

      Ann and I don’t have a big room.我和安没有一个大房间。

      4) 一般疑问句由“助动词Do/ Does + 主语 + have + 宾语”构成,回答用Yes, … do/ does.或者No, … don’t/ doesn’t.

      --Do you have a big house? 他们的房子大吗?

      --No, they don’t.不,他们的房子不大。

      --Does he have an eraser? 他有橡皮吗?

      --Yes, he does.他有的。

      5) 特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词 + 助动词do/ does + have (+状语)构成。

      What do they have? 他们有什么?

      What does he have? 他有什么?

      How many telephones do they have? 他们有几部电话?

      初一英语基础知识

      短语归纳

      1.play chess 下国际象棋

      2.play the guitar 弹吉他

      3.speak English 说英语

      4.English club 英语俱乐部

      5.talk to 跟…说

      6.play the violin 拉小提琴

      7.play the piano 弹钢琴

      8.play the drums 敲鼓

      9.make friends 结交朋友

      10.do kung fu 练 (*) 功夫

      11.tell stories 讲故事

      12.play games 做游戏

      13.on the weekend/on weekends 在周末

      用法集萃

      1.play +棋类/球类 下…棋/打…球

      2.play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉…乐器

      3.be good at doing sth.= do well in doing sth.擅长做某事

      4.be good with sb.和某人相处地好

      5.need sb.to do sth.需要某人做某事

      6.can + 动词原形 能/会做某事

      7.a little + 不可数名词 一点儿…

      8.join the…club 加入…俱乐部

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2022-07-20 23:06:31
  • 高一必备的英语知识点归纳

  • 英语,高一,教育
  • 高一必备的英语知识点归纳

      高一年级的英语学*,重点在掌握基础知识,将每个知识学扎实,为整个高中英语打好基础。下面是百分网小编为大家整理的高一英语知识点归纳,希望对大家有用!

      一、现在分词和过去分词的构成(形式)

      外教一对一 一般式 doing being done

      完成式 having done having been done

      过去分词的构成:done

      二、过去分词的用法

      过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作,只有一种形式。

      过去分词用法如下:

      1.作定语和现在分词作定语的用法相同。作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在名词的前面;如果是过去分词短语,要放在名词的后面。

      2.作表语

      3.作宾语补足语

      4.作状语

      三、现在分词的用法

      1.作定语,作定语用的分词如果是单词,一般放在名词的前面。如果是分词短语,一般放在名词的后面,它的功用相当于定语从句。

      2.作表语

      3.作宾语补足语,分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语。可带这种复合宾语的动词有:see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。

      虚拟语气

      虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的'愿望、假设、猜测或建议,而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。

      现归纳如下:纯假设,用虚拟,动词时态退一级:条件句,分主从,主句谓语前加would (should,could,might);表愿望,用虚拟,wish后面接宾语(从句):现在过去与将来,动词时态退一级:提建议,用虚拟,宾语(从句)动词用(should)do:俩建议,三要求,再加坚持与命令

      (suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order):It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟:部分主语从句中, 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry/important/natural/natural/strange/strange thatshould do)。 下面举例说明:

      A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)

      B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

      C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟)

      D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

      E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now.(特殊从句虚拟)

      F、I would rather you gave me the book.(同上)

      G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday,(主语从句虚拟) H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English. (特殊从句虚拟)

      一、一般过去将来时

      1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

      2.时间状语:The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

      3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其它;主语+would/should + do+其它

      4.否定形式:主语+was/were+not + going to + do; 主语+would/should + not + do.

      5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。

      6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他说他第二天要去北京。

      I asked who was going there.我问,谁要去那里。

      二、 现在进行时

      1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

      2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc. look. listen

      3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其它

      4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其它

      5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

      6.例句:How are you feeling today?你今天感觉如何?

      He is doing well in his lessons.在课上他表现得很好。

      语法

      一、结构:现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合,

      即"have+been+动词过去分词"。

      二、用法:现在完成时被动语态结构常用于以下两种情况:

      (1)主谓关系被动,而且谓语动作从过去一直延续到现在;

      (2)主谓关系被动,而且谓语动作发生在过去,但已对现在造成影响或结果。

      三、现在完成时主动句和被动句之间的转换:如果要将现在完成时的主动句转换成被动句,则要把其宾语变为主语,谓语动词变为被动结构,主语变为由介词引导的状语或直接将其省略;反之,如果要把被动句变为主动句,则恢复其原来的主语,谓语动词套用主动结构。

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2022-02-18 05:05:56
  • 初一初二英语重点知识点归纳

  • 英语,初二,初一
  • 初一初二英语重点知识点归纳

      英语是按照分布面积而言最流行的语言,但母语者数量是世界第三,仅次于汉语、西班牙语。它是学*最广泛的第二语言,是*60个*国家的官方语言或官方语言之一。下面是小编为大家整理的初一初二英语重点知识点归纳,欢迎阅读与收藏。

      初二英语必备知识

      一、名词:所有事物的名称

      1,名词的种类:

      专有名词:首字母大写(山脉,河流,国家等)China

      普通名词:首字母不大写(普通的事物的名称)desk ,pen

      2,名词的数:

      可数名词:可以数的名词(有单复数)ruler,pen,pencil

      不可数名词:不可以数的`名词(没有单复数)bread,meat,water,

      二、可数名词变化规则

      1,一般加s,例如:pen---pens

      2,以s,sh,ch,x结尾加es,例如:bus—buses,brush—brushes,watch—watches,box—boxes

      3,以辅音字母加y结尾,去掉y为I 加es 例如:baby---babies

      4,以f,fe 结尾,去掉f,fe 加ves life---lives, leaf---leaves

      5,以有生命的o 结尾加es 例如:hero---heroes,tomato---tomatoes,potato---potatoes,mango---mangoes

      6,复合名词遇见man,woman两个词时,两个名词都要加复数

      A man teacher---two men teachers

      三、不规则的变化

      Is,am----are, his,her,its----their,does---do,has---have,his,hers,its---theirs,

      Isn’t ---aren’t , I ---we, you---you,me---us,he,she,it---they,him,her,it---them,

      Your---your,yours---yours,my---our,mine---ours,that---those,this---these,fish—fish,sheep---sheep,deer---deer,Chinese---Chinese, Japanese---Japanese,man---men,woman—women,tooth---teeth,foot---feet,mouse---mice

      四、单数句变成复数句

      This is my book--- These are our books

      五、不可数名词的量化

      A cup of 一杯,a glass of 一玻璃杯,a tin of。一听。,a can of 。一罐,

      A box of 一盒子,a bag of 一包。,a bar of 一条,a piece of 一片

      例如:I have a cup of water 我有一杯水 I have two cups of water 我有两杯水

      I have a box of apples 我有一箱苹果,I have two boxes of apples 我有两箱苹果

      初二英语基础知识

      一、every day 与 everyday

      1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如

      We go to school at 7:10 every day.

      我们每天7:10去上学。

      I decide to read English every day.

      我决定每天读英语。

      2. everyday 作定语?译为“日常的”。

      She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.

      她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

      What's your everyday activity?

      你的日常活动是什么?

      二、 什么是助动词

      1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。

      助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:

      He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

      doesn't是助动词,无词义。like是主要动词?有词义

      2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用?可以用来

      a. 表示时态;例如:

      He is singing. 他在唱歌。

      He has got married. 他已结婚。

      b. 表示语态;例如:

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2022-05-23 13:29:01
  • 高一历史必修二重点知识点归纳

  • 历史,高一
  • 高一历史必修二重点知识点归纳

      在现实学*生活中,看到知识点,都是先收藏再说吧!知识点也可以通俗的理解为重要的内容。哪些才是我们真正需要的知识点呢?下面是小编收集整理的高一历史必修二重点知识点归纳,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读。

      古代*的商业发展

      了解“市”的形成与发展

      (1)“市”的形成:宋朝以前,县治以上的城市,一般都在特定的位置设市,用于货物聚集和商品交易。市四周有围墙,与民居严格分开。官府设市令或*,对市场交易进行严格的管理,按时开市、闭市,闭市后不许交易。

      (2)“市”的发展:宋朝时,城市中坊和市的界限被打破,市分散在城中,城郊和乡村的“草市”也更加普遍。旧时日中为市的经营时间限制也被打破,早市、夜市昼夜相接,交易活动也不再受官府的直接监管。汉口镇、佛山镇、景德镇、朱仙镇是宋代最的四大商业名镇。

      知道主要的商业城市和商帮

      商业城市:古代的长安、洛阳、开封、临安、大都等大城市,既是不同时期的政治中心、军事重镇,也是的商业中心。南方经济的发展,使扬州、成都等一批南方城市成为当时最繁荣的大都会。

      商帮:明清时期,一些地方还出现了地域性的商人群体,叫做“商帮”,其中,人数最多、实力的是徽商和晋商。

      理解“重农抑商”和“海禁”政策的基本含义及其影响

      “重农抑商”政策:

      (1)提出:战国时期,商鞅在秦国实行变法时,首倡“重农抑商”政策。

      (2)基本含义:国家要鼓励男耕女织的农业生产,限制工商业的发展。

      (3)目的:保护农业生产和小农经济,以确保赋役征派和地租征收,巩固封建统治。

      (4)影响:对于保护小农经济、巩固封建制度、维护国家统一,起了很大作用,但也抑制了工商业的发展。

      海禁、闭关锁国政策

      ①时间:明清时期

      ②原因:a、明初为防患倭寇;b、清初为对付东南沿海的抗清斗争;c、清*认为无需同外国进行贸易;

      ③评价

      a、妨碍了海外市场的开拓,抑制了资本的原始积累,阻碍了资本主义萌芽的发展;

      b、隔绝了*与外界的联系,使*落后于世界潮流

      第三单元*代*经济结构的变动与资本主义的曲折发展

      ▲*代*经济结构的变动

      ①原因:外国资本主义的入侵

      ②表现

      a、自然经济逐渐解体b、*代企业的诞生(洋务运动)c、民族资本主义的诞生(19c60、70d)

      古代*农业的主要耕作方式

      (1)农作物:水稻(南)、粟(北)(引进作物:玉米、番薯)

      (2)生产工具的变革:

      ①原始农业:刀耕火种

      ②商周:主要使用耒和耜

      ③春秋战国:铁器和牛耕出现

      ④唐代:曲辕犁

      ⑤灌溉工具:三国翻车、唐代筒车

      (3)水利设施的完善:

      ①春秋战国:芍陂、都江堰、郑国渠(水旱从人,不知饥馑)

      ②汉代:漕渠、白渠、坎儿井、治理黄河

      (4)生产方式的变化:

      ①千耦其耘:商周时期大规模简单协作

      ②自耕农经济:

      原因:生产工具和耕作技术进步;私有土地出现

      产生:春秋

      特点:以家庭为生产单位;男耕女织,自给自足;规模小,难扩大再生产

      新航路的开辟

      新航路开辟的背景、过程及影响

      原因①商品经济的发展和资本主义的萌芽(根本)②欧洲人的“寻金热”(动力)③奥斯

      曼土耳其帝国控制东西方商路(直接)④传播天主教的热情⑤人文主义倡导冒险进取条件:西班牙和葡萄牙王室的支持(主)航海技术、造船技术进步和地理知识的丰富(客)过程:迪亚士—好望角、达伽马—印度、哥伦布——美洲、麦哲伦:环球航行(大西洋—

      —太*洋——印度洋——大西洋)(西班牙向西走,两个“伦”)

      影响:

      1、“地理大发现”证明了地圆学说的正确性

      2、结束了世界各地相对孤立的.状态,世界日益连成一个整体,以西欧为中心的世界市场的雏形开始出现。

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2021-12-22 09:06:10
  • 初一上学期英语知识重点归纳

  • 英语,初一,知识
  • 初一上学期英语知识重点归纳

      很多家长都十分担心孩子的英语学*,尤其是升上初一的时候,这个阶段是掌握英语知识的最佳时期。下面是小编为大家整理的初一上学期英语知识重点归纳,希望对大家有用!

      1、be动词(is,am,are)

      我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

      2.this,that和it用法

      (1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。

      (2)距离说话人*的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:

      This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(*处)That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)

      (3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:

      This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

      (4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如:

      This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。

      (5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:

      This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

      (6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:

      —Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?

      —Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?

      注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:

      I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

      (7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如: ①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。 ②—What’s that? 那是什么?—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

      these和those用法

      this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较*的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

      ①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。 ②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。

      ③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?

      ④在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:

      Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?

      Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。

      There be句型

      (1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:

      There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。There is a book on the desk. 有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:On the desk there is a book.

      (2)There be句型中的'be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:

      Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:

      ①There is a tree behind the house.

      ②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).

      ③There are some pears in the box.

      (3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如*邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最*的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:

      ①There is a book and some pens on the floor.

      ②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

      1.would like =want , would like to do sth=want to do sth . 想要做某事

      would like sb. to do sth .=want sb. to do sth 想要某人做某事

      would you like ...? 其后用some 不用any . 句子:Would you like to do sth .

      肯定回答:Yes ,please ./sure ,thanks ./Yes ,I’d like to./Yes ,I’d love to 否定回答:No, thanks .But…/Sorry ,I’m afraid I can’t .

      2.try to do sth .尽力做某事;试图做某事;设法做某事,但不一定成功.否定式:try not to do sth.

      try doing sth .试着做某事,看看会发生什么情况. have a try 试一试

      3.a bit 与a little

      1)两者修饰动词,形容词,副词或比较级,

      2)a little 可以直接修饰不可数名词,相当于a bit of

      4.have a try 试试看, have a look 看一看 have a headache头疼 have a rest 休息

      have a meeting 开会 have a good time 玩得愉快 have a fever发烧

      5.lots of =a lot of 很多,大量 ,常用于肯定句中.既可修饰可数相当于many , 又可修饰不可数,相当于much . a lot 相当于very much ,多与动词连用,修饰形容词,副词的比较级。

      6.提出建议:

    [阅读全文]...

2022-05-26 05:57:02
  • 高一学生英语日记

  • 日记,高一,学生
  • 高一学生英语日记

      时间如快马般匆匆,一天又过去了,相信你一定有很多值得分享的经验,这也意味着,又要开始写日记了。那么什么样的日记才合适呢?以下是小编整理的高一学生英语日记,仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

      Speaking of patriotism, we can think of many patriotic heroes at once. Qu Yuan embraced a patriotic passion to vote in the MI Luo river, which became a thousand ancient songs; Yue Fei backed the thorns of "faithful to the country", and let the world praise them; Wen Tianxiang "lament the lonely ocean in the lonely ocean" and "leave the heart to take the heart of the Qing Dynasty"; Liu Hulans knife before the knife is not low, and Huangs eye is not afraid in front of the eye of the gun. They stand up in front of the achievements, major issues issues of right and wrong, shaking heaven and Earth Spirit of patriotism. Read their stories, often let us respect, admiration and reverence arise spontaneously.

      Today, I read the "the most tender, the most pure patriotic heart" in "the Beidou star of the change of life", I dee* feel that the original spirit of patriotism can also be interpreted so. Yes, the 8 year old Xin Yues greatest wish before leaving the world was to stand in front of the Tianan men to see the flag raising ceremony and listen to the national anthem. Who can say that this is not the most sacred love of patriotism? Are those 119 volunteers just willing to fulfill Xiao Xins wish? Is this not the most real expression of their patriotic feelings?

      Patriotism is not necessarily vigorous. In fact, it is not far away. It is around us. Every time the flag raising ceremony, we stand upright and respectfully salute, this is patriotism; the teacher is a hard gardener, we respect the teacher, listen to their teaching, and let oneself become a useful talent for the future construction of the motherland, this is patriotism. We respect our elders and care for them. This is patriotism. Perhaps someone will be surprised: "are these simple behaviors patriotic?" Yes! From the start, the simple side of things, we can be in front of major issues issues of right and wrong.

      Students, let us down from the trivial little things, for the love of the motherland and contribute our utter innocence! Let the Beidou star guide us and illuminate our direction.

      Today, my mother and I went to Xiaohe Gou, and we had fun.

      When we got there, we saw that the fish pond in Xiaohe ditch was covered with ice. I want to go down to play on the ice, so I decided to try the ice thickness first. Because there were no thick branches on the riverside, so I lifted a big stone and threw it all in to the ice. There was a huge hole in the ice, and the shadow of a small fish was hidden below. Fortunately, I didnt go down easily, otherwise...

      We continue to move forward. Those fish ponds show their true colors: I have made the "mask people" one by one.

      A small stream blocked our way further. I looked at what could be used without wood boards around. Because the water is very shallow, I move a piece of big stone, three lower five in addition to two set up a stone bridge, my mother and my mother passed the brook, and also helped people to pass a bridge.

      After crossing the bridge, we began to move forward. We saw a vacant area in front of us, and it was scraped evenly by bulldozers. Mother said that it might have been a natural ancient granary. The center of the loess slope is a circular open space, which is transformed into a natural granary. Why do I think so good things should be leveled and destroyed? I ask mother, mother said that this is the conflict between modern civilization and ancient history, and now people have destroyed the historical relics left by their predecessors for their own existence. If I want to live in the air, I will not destroy so many precious and rare historical sites.

      Im very happy to go out today. At the same time, I realized the importance of life to human beings, and realized that the development and construction of society could damage the civilization of ancient society. I think life is very important, but ancient civilization is also important. We should coordinate the relationship between the development of modern civilization and the preservation of ancient civilization.

      A funny thing happened during the summer vacation.

      On the morning of July 13th, the weather was clear and the sun was bright. My mother took me to the village of Li Jia to visit her grandmother. The two aunts and two cousins were also in grandmas house. I was very happy. On this day, I was playing with two cousins, and two of us got me to make you a little bit of fun. Then, I went to the river with two cousins to pick up the pebbles, and we picked up a lot of strange stones, some like the pentagram, some like cars, some like peoples hearts, and... We picked up some stones and went to a temple nearby. There was a golden Maitreya Buddha in the temple. When we were playing at the temple for a while, we returned to my grandmothers house. In the evening, when my sister and I were chasing the noise, my sister suddenly stepped on a stone and fell down. My foot was broken. I laughed and said, "you big fool." She said angrily, "you bad man, I will not kill you!" And then I ran after me... On the morning of the second day, we will go home. Our sister will also go with us. We have a great time playing games on the road.

      Friends, is your summer vacation interesting? Tell us about it!

      My Chinese teacher, Mr Zhou, is in his thirties. He looks young for his age. He is tall and strong, and he likes sports very much.

      He likes singing and often teaches us songs in our spare time. He also tell us jokes in the class. So we all like to have his classes. Whenever we are in trouble, we will ask him for help, for we treat him as our friend.

      This is our Chinese teacher. We all love him.

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2022-07-30 08:14:00
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